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Various Alphabetic Writing Systems were in use in Iron Age Anatolia to record Anatolian Dialects and the Phrygian Language . Previously several of these languages had been written with Logographic and Syllabic systems.

  • The Phrygian alpbahet, recording the Phrygian Language , was in use in Phrygia from ca. the 8th to the 3rd century BC, 20 letters. Phrygian was based on the Western Greek Alphabet which used Ψ (instead of Χ ) for {Link without Title} . A possible variant of Phrygian might be a ''' Mysia n alphabet'''.

  • The Lydian alphabet, used to record the Lydian Language from ca. the 5th to 4th centuries BC, related is the "Para-Lydian" alphabet known from a single inscription in Sardis . Lydian used the letter '''8''' for /f/, a remarkable convergence with the Etruscan Alphabet , where '''8''' was added in the 6th century BC.

  • The Carian alphabet, recording the Carian Language , extant in about 10 varieties known from inscriptions in Caria , Egypt and Athens . Only partially understood, there may have been 35-45 letters.

  • The Lycian alphabet, recording the Lycian Language from the 5th to 4th centuries BC, was borrowed from a Doric variant of Greek.

  • The Sidetic alphabet of 25 letters, known from coin legends in what might be a Sidetic Language , is only partially deciphered.


The alphabets were early adaptations of regional variants of the Greek Alphabet ; the earliest Phrygian inscriptions are contemporary with early Greek inscriptions, but contain Greek innovations such as the letters Φ and Ψ which did not exist in the earliest forms of the Greek alphabet.

The Anatolian alphabets fell out of use around the 4th Century BC with the beginning Hellenistic period.


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