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DISABILITIES

The Disability Rights Movement advocates equal access to social, political and economic life which includes not only physical access but access to the same tools, organisations and facilities which we all pay for.

Accessibility is about giving equal access to everyone.

While it is often used to describe facilities or amenities to assist people with Disabilities , as in " Wheelchair Accessible ", the term can extend to Braille signage, Wheelchair ramps, audio signals at Pedestrian Crossing s, walkway contours, Website Design , and so on.

Various countries have legislation requiring physical accessibility:
  • In the UK, the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 has numerous provisions for accessibility.

  • In the US, under the ." Many states in the US have their own disability laws.

  • In Ontario, Canada, the Ontarians With Disabilities Act of 2001 is meant to "improve the identification, removal and prevention of barriers faced by persons with disabilities..."



TRANSPORTATION

In Transport ation, accessibility refers to the ease of reaching destinations. People who are in places that are highly accessible can reach many other activities or destinations quickly, people in inaccessible places can reach many fewer places in the same amount of time.

A measure that is often used is to measure accessibility in a Traffic Analysis Zone ''i'' is:


Accessibility_i = \sum_j {Opportunities_j } f\left( {C_{ij} } ight)

where:
  • i = index of origin zones

  • j = index of destination zones

  • f(Cij) = function of generalized travel cost (so that nearer (or less expensive) places are weighted more than farther or more expensive places).


For a non-motorised Mode Of Transport , such as walking or cycling, the generalised travel cost may include additional factors such as safety or gradient.


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