Information AboutAblative |
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In Linguistics , ablative case ( Abbreviated '''ABL''') is a name given to Cases in various languages whose common thread is that they mark motion away from something, though the details in each language may differ. The name "ablative" is derived from a Latin verb meaning "to carry away". INDO-EUROPEAN LANGUAGES Latin The Latin ablative (''ablativus'') alone is used with the meaning of motion away only with the names of towns and cities, islands, and the nouns ''domus'' "house" and ''rus'' "countryside". E.g. ''Rōmā'', "from Rome"; ''domō'', "from home"; ''rure'', "from the country". It is also used with verbs that have a sense of separation. E.g. ''castrīs ēdūcere'', "to bring out from the camp"; ''metū līberāre'', "to free from fear". This is known as the ablative of separation. In other situations, motion away is indicated by the prepositions ''ab/ā/abs'', "from"; ''e/ē'', "out of"; and ''dē'', "down from". The Latin ablative may be used to indicate the means by which an action was carried out. E.g. ''oculīs vidēre'', "to see with the eyes". This is known as the ablative of means or '''of instrument''', and is equivalent to the Instrumental Case found in some other languages. The Latin ablative may be used to indicate the manner in which an action was carried out. This is only possible if the noun in the ablative is modified by an adjective. Otherwise, the preposition ''cum'' must be used, and ''cum'' can also optionally be used when the noun is modified by an adjective. E.g. ''(cum) magnā celeritāte'', "with great speed". This is known as the ablative of manner. The Latin ablative may be used to indicate the time when an action occured. E.g. ''aestāte'', "in summer"; ''paucīs hōrīs'', "in a few hours". This is known as the ablative of time. The Latin ablative may be used to indicate the circumstances surrounding an action. E.g. ''Urbe captā, Aenēas fugit.'' This is known as the Ablative Absolute . Many Latin Preposition s take a noun in the ablative, even those without any sense of separation. Some prepositions may take either an Accusative or an ablative, in which case the accusative indicates motion towards, and the ablative indicates no motion. E.g. ''in casā'', "in the cottage"; ''in casam'', "into the cottage". URALIC LANGUAGES Finnish In Finnish , the ablative case is the sixth of the locative cases with the meaning "from off of", e.g. ''pöytä — pöydältä'' "table — off from the table". It is an outer locative case, used just as the Adessive and Allative cases to denote both being on top of something and "being around the place" (as opposed to the inner locative case, the Elative , which means "from out of" or "from the inside of"). The Finnish ablative is also used in Time Expressions to indicate start times as well as with verbs expressing feelings or emotions. The Finnish ablative has the ending -lta or -ltä according to the regular rules of vocal harmony. Usage
::Katolta :::Off of the roof ::Pöydältä :::Off of the table ::Rannalta :::From the beach ::Maalta :::From the land ::Mereltä :::Off the sea
::lähteä kalalta :::quit fishing (Literally Quit the fish) ::lähteä maidolta :::stop drinking milk ::lähteä tupakalta :::give up smoking (Quit the tobacco) ::lähteä hippasilta :::quit the tag game (hippa=tag, olla hippasilla=playing tag) EXTERNAL LINKS |