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| nationality=american | image=mckinley.jpg | order=25th President | term_start= March 4 , 1897 | term_end= September 14 , 1901 | predecessor= Grover Cleveland | successor= Theodore Roosevelt | birth_date= January 29 , 1843 | birth_place= Niles, Ohio | death_date= September 14 , 1901 | death_place= Buffalo, New York | spouse= Ida Saxton McKinley | party= Republican | vicepresident= Garret A. Hobart (1897 – 1899) Theodore Roosevelt (1901) }} William McKinley ( January 29 , 1843 – September 14 , 1901 ) was the 25th President Of The United States . He was elected twice, in 1896 and 1900, but was assassinated in 1901 at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York . He fought the Spanish-American War to liberate Cuba , and afterwards annexed the Philippines and Puerto Rico , as well as Hawaii . He promoted high tariffs as a formula for prosperity, helped rebuild the Republican Party in 1896 by introducing new campaign techniques, and presided over a return to prosperity after the Panic Of 1893 . He was succeeded by his Vice President , Theodore Roosevelt . Early Life Born in Niles , Ohio on Sunday January 29 , 1843 , William McKinley was the seventh of nine children. His parents, William and Nancy (Allison) McKinley were of Scots-Irish ancestry. He graduated from Poland Academy and briefly attended Allegheny College . In June 1861, at the start of the , promoted McKinley to commissary sergeant for his bravery in battle. For driving a mule team delivering rations under enemy fire at Antietam he was promoted to second lieutenant by Hayes. This pattern repeated several times during the war, and McKinley eventually mustered out as Captain and Brevet Major of the same regiment in September 1865. Legal and early political career Following the war, McKinley attended Albany Law School in Albany, New York, being admitted to the bar in 1867. He commenced practice in Canton, Ohio . He was prosecuting attorney of Stark County, Ohio , from 1869 to 1871, and was elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth , Forty-sixth , and Forty-seventh U.S. Congress (1877-1883). He was chairman of the Committee On Revision Of The Laws (Forty-seventh Congress). He presented his credentials as a Member-elect to the Forty-eighth Congress and served from March 4 , 1883 until May 27 , 1884 , when he was succeeded by Jonathan H. Wallace , who successfully contested his election. McKinley was again elected to the Forty-ninth , Fiftieth , and Fifty-first Congresses ( March 4 , 1885 – March 3 , 1891 ). He was chairman of the Committee On Ways And Means (Fifty-first Congress). In 1890, he authored the McKinley Tariff , which hurt his party in the off-year elections of 1890, in which he lost his seat. McKinley was elected Governor Of Ohio in 1891, and re-elected in 1893, serving until January 13 , 1896 . Presidency 1897-1901 Policy William McKinley defeated William Jennings Bryan in the U.S. Presidential Election Of 1896 , in what is considered the forerunner of modern political campaigning. Republican strategist Mark Hanna raised an unprecedented sum for the campaign and made extensive use of the media in managing the McKinley victory. McKinley promised that he would promote industry and banking and guarantee prosperity for every group in a pluralistic nation. The Democratic cartoon ridicules the promise saying it will rock the boat. McKinley led the country into the Spanish-American War , bringing the former colonies of Spain in the Pacific ( Guam and the Philippines ) and the Caribbean Sea ( Cuba and Puerto Rico ) under American control. In addition, the territories of Hawaii and Wake Island were annexed during his first term. Despite some vocal domestic opposition, his administration ushered the U.S. into the " New Imperialism " of the era. He was Re-elected In 1900 , defeating the Democratic candidate, Bryan, by an even larger margin. Significant events during presidency
Administration and Cabinet Supreme Court appointments McKinley appointed the following Justices to the Supreme Court Of The United States :
States admitted to the union ''none'' Assassination McKinley was shot twice by in Buffalo, New York . The newly-developed X-ray Machine was displayed at the fair, but no one thought to use it on McKinley to search for the bullet, which might have saved his life. Also, ironically, the operating room at the exposition's emergency hospital did not have any Electric Lighting , even though the exteriors of many of the buildings at the extravagant exposition were covered with thousands of light bulbs. Doctors used a pan to reflect sunlight onto the operating table as they treated McKinley's wounds. McKinley's doctors believed he would recover, and the president convalesced for more than a week at the home of the expositon's director. But McKinley eventually went into shock. He died from his wounds on . He was buried in Canton, Ohio . Trivia
Disputed quotation In 1903 after McKinley died an elderly supporter named James F. Rusling recalled that in 1899 McKinley had said to a religious delegation:
The question is whether McKinley said any such thing as is italicized in point #4, especially regarding "Christianize" the natives, or whether Rusling added it. McKinley was a religious person but never said God told him to do anything. McKinley never used the term Christianize (and indeed it was rare in 1898). McKinley operated a highly effective publicity bureau in the White House and he gave hundreds of interviews to reporters, and hundreds of public speeches to promote his Philippines policy. Yet no authentic speech or newspaper report contains anything like the purported words or sentiment. The man who remembered it -- a Civil War veteran--had written a book on the war that was full of exaggeration. The supposed highly specific quote from memory years after the event is unlikely enough--especially when the quote uses words like "Christianize" that were never used by McKinley. Conclusion of historians such as Lewis Gould: it is remotely possible but highly unlikely McKinley said the last part. For a discussion of this question, see Gould 1980, pp. 140-142. Monuments and memorials
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