Turkic Languages

The Turkic language with the greatest number of speakers is Anatolian Turkish , or Turkish proper.

The Turkic language family exhibits Vowel Harmony , and is typologically characterised by Agglutination by means of suffixes, and a Subject Object Verb sentence order.

d). However, there are many details for which debate is still ongoing.

CLASSIFICATION

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West Turkic

--- Bolgar group

-- Chuvash

-- Khazar (extinct)

-- Bolgar (extinct)

--- Oghuz (Southwestern) group

-- Turkish

-- Azeri

-- Turkmen

-- Crimean Tatar ¹

-- Urum ¹

-- Qashqai

-- Khorasani

-- Salar

-- Gagauz

-- Khalaj

-- Pecheneg (extinct)

-- Ottoman Turkish (extinct)

--- Kypchak (Northwestern) group

-- Kypchak-Bolgar languages

- Tatar

- Bashkir

- Baraba

-- Kypchak-Cuman (Kypchak-Oghuz, Ponto-Caspian) languages

- Crimean Tatar ¹

- Urum ¹

- Karachay-Balkar

- Kumyk

- Karaim

- Krymchak

- Cuman (extinct)

- Kipchak (extinct)

-- Kypchak-Nogay languages

- Kazakh

- Karakalpak

- Nogay

--- Chagatay (Southeastern, Karluk) group

-- Uzbek

-- Uyghur

-- Lop

-- Chagatay (extinct)

East Turkic

--- Kyrgyz-Kypchak group

-- Kyrgyz

-- Altay

--- Uyghur (Northeastern) group

-- Yakut

-- Tuvan

-- Khakas

-- Shor

-- Fuyü Gïrgïs

-- Chulym

-- Tofa

-- Dolgan

-- Western Yugur (Yellow Uyghur)

-- Northern Altay

(1) - Crimean Tatar and Urum languages are related to both Kypchak and Oghuz Turkic.

Geographically and linguistically, the languages of Southwestern, Northwestern, and Southeastern subgroup belong to the central Turkic languages, while the Northeastern, Khalaj language is the so-called peripheral language.

Various elements from the Turkic languages have passed into Hungarian , Persian , Russian , and to a lesser extent, Arabic .

SEE ALSO

Orkhon Script

Turkic Peoples

Historical Linguistics

Language Families And Languages

EXTERNAL LINKS

Map of Turkic languages

Classification of Turkic Languages

Online Uyghur-English Dictionary

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Türk Dili

Information About

Turkic Languages