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Tiglath-Pileser III (Akkadian: '''Tukultī-Apil-Ešarra''' "My Trust is the Heir of Ešarra") was a prominent king of Assyria in the 8th Century BC (ruled 745 – 727 BC ) and is widely regarded as the founder of the Neo-Assyrian Empire . Etymology The name ''Tiglath-Pileser'' was a throne-name — that is, one given to the king on his accession to the throne, rather than a name given at birth. In translation, it means "My Trust is the Heir of Ešarra". It is given in several different forms in historical records. The 15:19,20). This latter resembles the name he took for his coronation as King of Babylon, ''Pulu''. Origins The king's origins are unknown, but it is believed he may have been a usurper who assumed the name of a more legitimate predecessor. The Assyrian kingdom had seriously weakened after the death of Shalmaneser III (859 - 824 BC). He may, however, have been a younger son of Adad-nirari III , whose son he calls himself in his inscriptions or related in some other way to his predecessors - perhaps even a son of his predecessor Ashur-nirari V. The Reign Under the rule of Tiglath-Pileser, Assyrian power in the his armies conquered Philistia on the Mediterranean coast, destroyed Damascus and occupied most of Israel , with its northern regions becoming Assyrian provinces. Many of the inhabitants were impaled or deported to other parts of the Assyrian empire. Chronicles These events were recorded in the Bible, which describes how Tiglath-Pileser III defeated (known to the Assyrians as Yahu-khazi), the king of Judah, was also forced to pay tribute to the Assyrian conqueror (2 Kings 16:10-16). He also established the Assyrian rulership over Babylonia, becoming king of Babylon, under the name of Pulu . Legacy Tiglath-Pileser III's conquests paved the way for the establishment of the Second Assyrian Empire . He built a royal palace in Nimrud (the so-called "central palace") which will later be dismantled by Esarhaddon . On the sculptured slabs decorating his palace, across the bas-reliefs depicting his military achievements, he had engraved his royal annals. On his death, the Assyrian throne was seized by Ululai, the governor of Babylon , who assumed the name Shalmaneser V . |