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In . The book was reprinted in 1992 with several notable revisions made to the original list of 100 people and their associated rankings. Chief among these revisions was the demotion of figures associated with Communism, such as Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin , and the introduction of Mikhail Gorbachev . Hart took sides in the Shakespearean Authorship issue and substituted Edward De Vere, 17th Earl Of Oxford for William Shakespeare . Hart also substituted Niels Bohr and Henri Becquerel with Ernest Rutherford , thus correcting an error in the first edition. Henry Ford was also promoted from the "Honorary Mentions" list, replacing Pablo Picasso . Finally, some of the rankings were re-ordered, while the Islamic Prophet , Muhammad, kept the rank one position. Hart's Top 15 (from the 1992 edition) SUBJECTIVITY Both the selection of the 100 individuals and their ranking in relationship to each other are highly subjective enterprises. While Hart makes an effort to justify his selection and ordering, he makes it clear that both are entirely his own opinion. Hart admits that any assessment of historical significance depends on a perspective which only time can provide. To rate the historical importance of contemporary figures is almost impossible, while in other cases ranking will depend on an individual's assessment of the relative importance of the fields of scientific, cultural and religious endeavour. A striking example is the Italian campaign of Hannibal and his eventual defeat by Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus . Had Hannibal succeeded, the Roman Empire would probably never have existed, and the entire development of Western European civilization (and eventually civilization on a global scale) might have taken a radically different course. The historical contribution of both commanders is minor in comparison to someone like Julius Caesar , but the influence of their actions on history is possibly one of the most crucial of all time. Hart makes this point in the book where he points out that prior to the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 , Vladimir Lenin was ranked much higher on the list. FURTHER READING
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