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Gvardeysk (; ) until 1946 ; ) is a town in the Kaliningrad Oblast , Russia , located on the right bank of the Pregolya River some 38 km east of Kaliningrad . Its population was 14,572 as of 2002 . HISTORY The site of Gvardeysk was first documented in 1255 as a fort of the Old Prussians . The Teutonic Knights built a castle there from 1283 – 1290 ; archives of the Order were kept in the castle from 1469 – 1722 . The town was conquered from Germany by the Soviet Union in 1945 following the end of World War II . The German population Evacuated or was Expelled and replaced by Russians . SIGHTS Sights of Gvardeysk include a church from 1502 and a ruined Castle , reconstructed into an orphanage in 1879 . FAMOUS RESIDENTS
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