|
| |
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok
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187,23
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2001
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77 248
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412,5
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5000, 5008
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56
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is the capital of the county of
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok , central
Hungary .
The area has been inhabited since ancient times. Before the
Conquest Of Hungary it was inhabited by
Scythians ,
Celts ,
Avars . The Hungarians settled in the area in the
10th Century .
The town was first mentioned in
1075 . At that time it was the capital of the comitatus
Szolnok . It was named after the steward of its castle. During the
Mongol Invasion the town became deserted, King
Béla IV moved new settlers there, but it remained a small village for a long time.
In
1550 –
1551 , when the
Ottoman Empire threatened with
Invading The Country , the castle was fortified and a town wall was built. The Ottomans sieged the castle which was surrendered to them in on
September 4 ,
1552 .
The Ottomans built a
Mosque , a public bath and a
Minaret in the town. Most of the buildings have been destroyed since then. The only Turkish
Codex made in Hungary was copied in Szolnok.
The town was fled from Ottoman rule in
1685 , but it was completely destroyed during the revolution led by
Prince Rákóczi in the early
18th Century . The comitatus of Outer Szolnok was temporarily annexed to
Comitatus Heves .
The town started to prosper again in the 18th century. The controlling of the river
Tisza and the steamship traffic increased the town's importance. From
1847 Szolnok is connected to
Pest by
Railway .
The citizens of Szolnok took part in the
Revolution Against Habsburg Rule in
1848 -
49 . In the Battle of Szolnok the Austrians were defeated by the armies of General
Damjanich .
After the
Ausgleich the population and importance of Szolnok grew. In
1876 Szolnok became capital of the comitatus again. In
1879 it already had 16.000 residents.
The town suffered a lot during
World War I and
World War II . Most of the residents freed, the
Soviet army found only a few people in the town.
During the
Socialist era Szolnok began to prosper again. Factories were built, and the turistic importance grew when the thermal bath was opened.
Szolnok was granted the rank of city with county rights on
November 13 ,
1990 .
