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Shantou (; of 784,000 in coastal eastern Guangdong Province , China , metropolitan area 4,721,117 (calculation 2006). Shantou, a city significant in 19th-century Chinese history as one of the Treaty Ports established for Western trade and contact, was one of the original Special Economic Zone s of the People's Republic Of China established in the 1980s , but failed to blossom like other cities such as Shenzhen , Xiamen and Zhuhai . However, it is home to the only university in East Guangdong , Shantou University and remains as the region's economic and cultural centre.
HISTORY Shantou was a fishing village part of Tuojiang City (鮀江都), Jieyang District (揭陽縣) during the Song Dynasty . It came to be Xialing (廈嶺) during the Yuan Dynasty . In 1563 , Shantou was a part of Chenghai District (澄海縣) in Chao Prefecture ( Chaozhou ). As early as 1574 , Shantou had been called Shashan Ping (沙汕坪). In the seventeenth century, a cannon platform called Shashan Toupaotai (沙汕頭炮臺 sha shan tou pao tai) was made here, and the placename later was shortened to "Shantou". It became a city in 1919 , and was separated from Chenghai in 1921 . As a high-level city, Shantou administered Chaozhou City from 1983 to 1989. ADMINISTRATION Since November 1991 (consented by the PRC in April), Shantou expanded to contain the entire Shantou metropolitan area: Five county-level districts, one county, and two cities (administered on behalf of the province):
DEMOGRAPHICS It has a large population from the rest of Chaoshan region, and most residents use the Teochew language of Min Chinese , or the national dialect, Mandarin . Government statistics show that 2.16 million Overseas Chinese have roots in Shantou, with significant populations of Teochew people residing in Southeast Asia . This is demonstrated by the unusually high number of international direct flights between Bangkok and Shantou. TOURISM
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