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The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the '''Spring of Nations''' or the '''Year of Revolution''', were a series of revolutions which erupted in Sicily and then, further triggered by the Revolution Of 1848 In France , soon spread to the rest of Europe. These European Revolutions were the violent consequences of a variety of changes that had been taking place in Europe in the first half of the 19th Century . In Politics , both Bourgeois Reformer s and Radical Politician s were seeking change in their nations' governments. In society, technological change was creating new ways of life for the working classes, a popular press extended political awareness, and new values and ideas such as Nationalism and Socialism began to spring up. The tinder that lit the fire was a series of Economic Downturns and Crop Failure s that left the peasants and the poor working classes Starving . The result was a wave of revolution sweeping across Europe and raising hopes of liberal reform as far away as , where uprisings took place in 1830-31 ( November Uprising ), 1846 ( Kraków Uprising ) and in 1863-65 ( January Uprising ). In the United Kingdom, the middle classes had been pacified by general enfranchisement in the Reform Act Of 1832 , with the consequent agitations, violence, and petitions of the Chartist Movement that came to a head with the petition to Parliament of 1848. The repeal of the protectionist agricultural tariffs called the " Corn Laws " in 1846 had defused some proletarian fervor. Elsewhere in the United Kingdom, revolution was far from the minds of those in Ireland , struggling and dying through the Potato Famine (the exception being William Smith O'Brien 's debacle in County Tipperary ). The United States remained profoundly isolated, increasingly involved in its own expansion. Although the revolutions were put down quickly, in their span there was horrific violence on all sides. Tens of thousands were tortured and killed. Although the immediate effects of the revolutions were short-term, there were lasting legacies. Alexis De Tocqueville remarked in his ''Recollections'' that "society was cut in two: those who had nothing united in common envy, and those who had anything united in common terror." See also External links and references
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