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The Act was passed by the Senate by a vote of 14 to 12 on July 1 , 1790 , and by the House of Representatives by a vote of 31 to 29 on July 9 , 1790 . The legislation was passed as a compromise in a dispute between Northern and Southern states. Northern states had accumulated a huge amount of debt during the Revolutionary War, and wanted the Federal Government to assume their burden. The Southern states, whose citizens would effectively be forced to pay a portion of this debt if it was assumed by the Federal Government, were disinclined to acquiesce to this proposal. A compromise was reached, the Capital of the young country would be located in the South. The Federal Government would then assume the North's debt.

This bill helped lead the process that disenfranchised residents of the District Of Columbia . Realizing their disenfranchisement residents of the Virginia portion of the District, Alexandria County, successfully petitioned Congress to retrocede their portion of the federal capital to Virginia. This happened on July 9 1846 . Alexandria County is now Arlington County and a portion of the City Of Alexandria . The more than 570,000 residents of the current District of Columbia are the only residents of a national capital of a democracy in the world to be denied full voting rights.


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