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"Rare earth elements" and '''"rare earth metals"''' are Trivial Name s sometimes applied to a collection of 17 Chemical Element s in the Periodic Table , namely Scandium , Yttrium , and the Lanthanide s. The former two are included as they tend to occur with the latter in the same ore deposits. (The lanthanide Promethium , which does not occur naturally on Earth, is not generally considered to be a rare earth element.) "Earth" is an obsolete term for , at 60 parts per million, is the 25th most abundant in the crust of any element, more common than Lead , whilst even the least abundant "rare" earth element, Lutetium , is 200 times more abundant than Gold . The principal economic sources of rare earths elements are the Mineral s Bastnasite , Monazite , and Loparite and the lateritic ion-adsorption clays. Despite their relative abundance, however, these more difficult to mine and extract than those of other Transition Metal s, making them relatively expensive. For more details of the properties and uses of these elements, refer to the Lanthanide s article. |