In the early (in particularly, Herbert Giles 's ''A Chinese-English Dictionary'') for Post al purposes, especially for Placename s on Letter s and Stamp s, and was not for universal usage. It uses some already common Europe an names of Chinese places that override the Wade-Giles system, and incorporate some Dialect al pronunciations.
The postal system was decided after the Imperial Postal Joint-Session Conference (帝國郵電聯席會議) in spring 1906 in Shanghai .
Main differences with Wade-Giles include:
- Complete lack of Diacritic and accent marks.
- ''Chi'', ''ch'i'', and ''hsi'' (pinyin ''ji'', ''qi'', and ''xi'') are represented as either ''tsi'', ''tsi'', and ''si'' or ''ki'', ''ki'', and ''hi'' depending on historic pronunciation, e.g.,
- --- Peking (Pei-ching, Beijing)
- --- Tientsin (T'ien-chin, Tianjin)
- --- Tsinan (Chi-nan, Ji'nan)
- Unless it is the sole vowel in the syllable, the Wade-Giles ''u'' become ''w'', e.g.,
- --- Ankwo (An-kuo, Anguo)
- --- Chinchow (Chin-chou, Jinzhou)
- Guangdong , Guangxi , and Fujian placenames are to be Romanized from the local dialects, such as Hakka , Cantonese , and Min (systems also obtained from Giles' ''A Chinese-English Dictionary'').
- --- Amoy (Hsia-men, Xiamen)
- --- Swatow (Shan-t'ou, Shantou)
- --- Quemoy (Chin-men, Jinmen)
- Popular pre-existing (from 19th century of earlier) European names for place in China are to be retained, such as those of the Treaty Ports .
- --- Canton (Kuang-chou, Guangzhou)
See also: Romanization
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