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Pitman Shorthand is a system of rapid writing developed by Sir Isaac Pitman ( 1813 - 1897 ). It was first presented in 1837 . It is a Phonetic system using symbols for various sounds in the language. One characteristic feature is that (with a fine flexible nib) or Pencils are often used. Another feature is the distinction between symbols drawn on the line, over the line, or under the line. For example, a small circle drawn above the line translates to ''as/has'' and the same circle drawn on the line translates to ''is/his''. Vowel s are generally indicated by dots or small dashes drawn close to the stroke of the previous Consonant . The type of vowel is dependent on the relative position of the dot or dash to the stroke (beginning, middle, or end). There are at least three "dialects" of Pitman's shorthand: the original Pitman's, Pitman's New Era , and Pitman's 2000 . The later versions dropped certain symbols and introduced other simplifications to earlier versions. For example, strokes "rer" (heavy curved downstroke) and "kway", (hooked horizontal straight stroke) are present in Pitman's New Era, but not in Pitman's 2000. HISTORY |