|
|
''
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|---|
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| Officers | 2,300
|
| Enlisted | 20,000
|
| Naval Infantry | 5,000 (officers and enlisted)
|
|
| Surface Combatants | 16
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| Submarines | 6
|
| Fixed-wing Aircraft | 14
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| Rotary-wing Aircraft | 15
|
The (''Marina de Guerra del Perú'') is the branch of the
Peruvian Armed Forces tasked with surveillance, patrol and defense on
Lakes ,
River s and the
Pacific Ocean up to 200
Nautical Mile s from the peruvian
Littoral . As of
2006 , it comprises 1
Cruiser , 1
Destroyer , 8
Frigate s, 6
Corvette s, 6
Submarine s 4
Landing Ship s and 2
Fleet Oilers .
Peruvian Navy ships are given the
Prefix , short for ''Buque Armada Peruana'' (Peruvian Navy Ship). ''Marina de Guerra del Perú'' celebrates on
October 8 the anniversary of its creation (
1821 ) and of the
Battle Of Angamos (
1879 ).
''Main article:''
History Of The Peruvian Navy
, October 8, 1879.'']]
The ''Marina de Guerra del Perú'' was established on
October 8 ,
1821 by the government of general
José De San Martín . It's first actions were made during the
War Of Independence (
1821 -
1824 ) using captured
Spanish Warship s. Shortly afterwards it was engaged in the war against the
Gran Colombia (
1828 -
1829 ) during which it conducted a
Blockade against the
Seaport of
Guayaquil and then helped with the occupation of this city by peruvian forces. It saw further action during the wars of the
Peru-Bolivian Confederacy (
1836 -
1839 ) and during the war with
Spain (
1866 ). The breakout of the
Pacific War (
1879 -
1883 ) caught the Peruvian Navy unprepared and with inferior forces in comparison with the
Chilean Navy . Even so,
Hit-and-run Tactics carried out by peruvian
Admiral Miguel Grau ,
Commander of the
Ironclad ''
''Huáscar'' '', delayed the chilean advance by six months until his death and defeat at the
Battle Of Angamos .
''Almirante Grau''.'']]
After the war, the Peruvian Navy had to be rebuilt from the ground up. This lengthy process started in
1907 with the acquisition in the
United Kingdom of the
Protected Cruisers ''Almirante Grau'' and ''Coronel Bolognesi'', followed by the arrival of two
Submarine s, ''Ferré'' and ''Palacios'', from
France in
1911 . During the
Presidency of
Augusto B. Leguía (
1919 -
1930 ) a Navy
Ministry was established as well as a
Navy Aviation Corps , both in
1920 . Border conflicts with
Colombia in
1911 and
1932 and a
War with
Ecuador in
1941 saw peruvian warships involved in some skirmishes in support of the
Army . The
Attack On Pearl Harbor brought
World War II to the
Pacific and even though
Peru didn't declare war on the
Axis until
1945 , it's Navy was involved in coastal defence missions against possible threats by the
Imperial Japanese Navy from early
1942 up to mid-
1945 .
During the
1970s and the first half of the
1980s the Peruvian Navy carried out a major buildup programme which allowed it to regain parity
''vis-à-vis'' its traditional rival, the
Chilean Navy . This proved to be temporary because the economic crisis of the second half of the
1980s forced the
Decommissioning of several
Warship s and a general lack of funds for
Maintenance and
Training . The economic upturn of the
1990s and
2000s has permitted some improvement although at a reduced force level compared to the early
1980s .
The current
Commander-in-Chief of the Peruvian Navy is
Admiral Jorge Ampuero . It's forces are divided between three operational commands:
Pacific Operations General Command, it comprises the following units:
Amazon Operations General Command. Tasked with river patrolling in the peruvian portion of the
Amazon Basin .
Coast Guard .
Seaport .'']]
class
class
Frigate ''Carvajal'' (FM-51).'']]
class
- BAP ''Aguirre'' (FM-55) ex MM ''Orsa''
- BAP ''Palacios'' (FM-56) ex MM ''Lupo''
- BAP ''Bolognesi'' (FM-57) ex MM ''Perseo''
- BAP ''Quiñónez'' (FM-58) ex MM ''Sagitario''
Corvette BAP''Sánchez Carrión'' (CM-26).'']]
class
- BAP ''Velarde'' (CM-21)
- BAP ''Santillana'' (CM-22)
- BAP ''De los Heros'' (CM-23)
- BAP ''Herrera'' (CM-24)
- BAP ''Larrea'' (CM-25)
- BAP ''Sánchez Carrión'' (CM-26)
Submarine ''Chipana'' (SS 34).'']]
class
- BAP ''Angamos'' (SS-31) ex BAP ''Casma''
- BAP ''Antofagasta'' (SS-32)
- BAP ''Pisagua'' (SS-33) ex BAP ''Blume''
- BAP ''Chipana'' (SS-34) ex BAP ''Pisagua''
- BAP ''Islay'' (SS-35)
- BAP ''Arica'' (SS-36)
coming ashore from Terrebonne Parish class
LST ''Callao'' (DT 143).'']]
class
- BAP ''Paita'' (DT-141) ex USS ''Walworth County''
- BAP ''Pisco'' (DT-142) ex USS ''Waldo County''
- BAP ''Callao'' (DT-143) ex USS ''Washoe County''
- BAP ''Eten'' (DT-144) ex USS ''Traverse County''
class
class
- BAP ''Lobitos'' (ATP-153) ex USNS ''Sealift Caribbean''
Helicopter landing.'']]
conducting exercises on the
Amazon River .'']]
Cruiser ''
Almirante Grau '' (CLM 81) firing its
Bofors 152/53mm guns.'']]
According to current plans, the
Destroyer ''
Ferré '' will soon be
Decomissioned followed by the
Fleet Flagship , the
Cruiser ''
Almirante Grau '', in
2008 or
2010 . By
2010 the
Fleet is expected to be composed of 8
Frigate s, 6
Corvette s, 6
Submarine s and two
Fleet Oilers . They will be supported by 3
Maritime Patrol Aircraft and 8
Antisubmarine Warfare Helicopter s.
- Baker III, Arthur D., ''The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World 2002-2003''. Naval Institute Press, 2002.
- Marchessini, Alejo, "La Comandancia de Operaciones del Pacifico". ''Defensa'' 315/316: 68-69 (July / August 2004).
- Marchessini, Alejo, "El proceso de Reforma Militar". ''Defensa'' 318: 24-29 (October 2004).
- Marchessini, Alejo & Javier Taibo, "La Marina de Guerra del Perú". ''Defensa'' 267/268: 36-59 (July / August 2000).
