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October 19 is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in Leap Year s) in the Gregorian Calendar . There are 73 days remaining.
Events
- 202 BC - The Battle Of Zama results in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal .
- 439 - The Vandals , led by King Gaiseric , take Carthage in North Africa .
- 1216 - King John Of England dies at Newark and is succeeded by his nine-year-old son Henry.
- 1453 - The French recapture of Bordeaux brings the Hundred Years' War to a close, with the English retaining only Calais on French soil.
- 1466 - The Thirteen Years' War ends with the Second Treaty Of Toruń . Gdansk Pomerania and Prussia as a whole are incorporated into Poland ; the Teutonic Knights are allowed to rule its eastern part as Polish Vassal s.
- 1469 - Ferdinand II Of Aragon marries Isabella Of Castile , a marriage that paves the way to the unification of Aragon and Castile into a single country, Spain .
- 1512 - Martin Luther becomes a doctor of theology (''Doctor in Biblia'').
- 1781 - Major General Lord Charles Cornwallis surrenders to George Washington and Jean-Baptiste Donatien De Vimeur, Comte De Rochambeau at Yorktown, Virginia , ending the American Revolutionary War .
- 1789 - Chief Justice John Jay is sworn in as the first Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court .
- 1812 - Napoleon I Of France retreats from Moscow .
- 1813 - The Battle Of Leipzig concludes, giving Napoleon Bonaparte one of his worst defeats.
- 1822 - In Parnaíba city; Simplício Dias da Silva, João Cândido de Deus e Silva, Domingos Dias declares the Independence of State of Piauí.
- 1864 - Battle Of Cedar Creek - Union Army under Philip Sheridan destroys Confederate Army under Jubal Early .
- 1864 - Confederate raiders launch an attack on Saint Albans, Vermont from Canada .
- 1873 - Yale , Princeton , Columbia , and Rutgers universities draft the first code of American Football rules.
- 1912 - Italy takes possession of Tripoli , Libya from the Ottoman Empire .
- 1914 - The First Battle Of Ypres begins.
- 1917 - Love Field in Dallas, Texas is opened.
- 1933 - Germany withdraws from the League Of Nations .
- 1935 - The League Of Nations places economic sanctions on Fascist Italy for its invasion of Ethiopia .
- 1943 - Streptomycin , the first Antibiotic remedy for Tuberculosis , is isolated by researchers at Rutgers University .
- 1944 - United States forces land in the Philippines .
- 1950 - The military of the People's Republic Of China takes control of the town of Chamdo in eastern Tibet .
- 1953 - Arthur Godfrey fires Julius LaRosa live on American national TV.
- 1954 - First ascent of Cho Oyu
- 1960 - The United States Government decides to place an Embargo on Communist Cuba .
- 1973 - President Richard Nixon rejects an Appeals Court demand to turn over the Watergate tapes.
- 1974 - Niue becomes independent from New Zealand
- 1982 - John De Lorean is arrested for trafficking in Cocaine (later acquitted).
- 1983 - Maurice Bishop , Prime Minister of Grenada , is overthrown and executed in a military Coup D'état led by Bernard Coard .
- 1985 - The first Blockbuster Video store opens in Dallas, Texas .
- 1986 - Samora Machel , President of Mozambique and a prominent leader of FRELIMO , and 33 others died when their Tupolev 134 plane crashed into the Lebombo Mountains .
- 1987 - In retaliation for Iranian attacks on ships in the Persian Gulf , the U.S. Navy disables three of Iran's offshore Oil Platform s.
- 1987 - ( Black Monday ) Dow Jones Industrial Average falls by 22%.
- 1989 - Guildford Four convictions are quashed by the Court Of Appeal - they had spent 15 years in prison through a Miscarriage Of Justice .
- 1994 - New Zealand 's Goodnight Kiwi says good night for the last time.
- 1998 - The Earth Liberation Front sets fire to the Vail Mountain ski resort in Vail, Colorado , causing $12 million in damage.
- 2001 - SIEV-X sinks en route to Christmas Island
- 2003 - Mother Teresa is Beatified by Pope John Paul II .
- 2003 - David Blaine finally ended his 44-day endurance stunt of being sealed inside a transparent case suspended 30 feet in the air over Potters Fields Park, located in London.
- 2004 - Myanmar prime minister Khin Nyunt is ousted and placed under house arrest by the Thai government on charges of corruption.
- 2005 - Saddam Hussein goes on trial in Baghdad for Crimes Against Humanity .
- 2005 - Hurricane Wilma becomes the most intense Atlantic hurricane on record with a minimum pressure of 882 mb.
- 2005 - Mozilla Firefox achieves 100 million downloads.
Births
- 1276 - Prince Hisaaki , Japanese shogun (d. 1328 )
- 1433 - Marsilio Ficino , Italian philosopher (d. 1499 )
- 1562 - Archbishop George Abbot , Archbishop Of Canterbury (d. 1633 )
- 1582 - Dmitry Ivanovich , Tsarevich (d. 1591 )
- 1605 - Thomas Browne , English writer (d. 1682 )
- 1610 - James Butler, 1st Duke Of Ormonde , English statesman and soldier (d. 1688 )
- 1658 - Adolf Friedrich II Of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1704 )
- 1688 - William Cheselden , English surgeon and anatomist (d. 1752 )
- 1680 - John Abernethy , Irish Protestant minister (d. 1740 )
- 1718 - Victor-François, 2nd Duc De Broglie , Marshal of France (d. 1804 )
- 1720 - John Woolman , American Quaker preacher and abolitionist (d. 1772 )
- 1721 - Joseph De Guignes , French orientalist (d. 1800 )
- 1784 - John McLoughlin , Canadian fur trader (d. 1857 )
- 1862 - Auguste Lumière , French inventor (d. 1954 )
- 1873 - Jaap Eden , Dutch skater and cyclist (d. 1925 ))
- 1885 - Charles Merrill , American investment banker (d. 1956 )
- 1895 - Lewis Mumford , American historian (d. 1990 )
- 1899 - Miguel Angel Asturias , Guatemalan writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974 )
- 1900 - Bill Ponsford , Australian cricketer (d. 1991 )
- 1900 - Roy Worters , Canadian ice hockey goaltender (d. 1957 )
- 1907 - Roger Wolfe Kahn , American bandleader (d. 1962 )
- 1908 - Geirr Tveitt , Norwegian composer (d. 1981 )
- 1909 - Cozy Cole , American jazz drummer (d. 1981 )
- 1910 - Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar , Indian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995 )
- 1910 - Jean Genet , French author (d. 1986 )
- 1913 - Vinicius De Moraes , Brazilian poet and songwriter (d. 1980 )
- 1916 - Jean Dausset , French immunologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine
- 1916 - Emil Gilels , Ukrainian pianist (d. 1994 )
- 1922 - Jack Anderson , American journalist (d. 2005 )
- 1926 - Joel Feinberg , American moral philosopher (d. 2004 )
- 1926 - Arne Bendiksen , Norwegian singer and songwriter
- 1931 - John Le Carré , English novelist
- 1932 - Robert Reed , American actor (d. 1992 )
- 1937 - Peter Max , American artist
- 1940 - Michael Gambon , Irish actor
- 1942 - Andrew Vachss , American author and attorney
- 1945 - Divine , American actor (d. 1988 )
- 1945 - John Lithgow , American actor
- 1946 - Philip Pullman , English writer
- 1947 - Giorgio Cavazzano , comics artist and illustrator
- 1948 - Pat Simmons , American musician ( The Doobie Brothers )
- 1951 - Patricia Ireland , American President of the National Organization for Women
- 1956 - Carlo Urbani , Italian physician (d. 1993 )
- 1960 - Jonathan FeBland English musician, writer and artist
- 1962 - Evander Holyfield , American boxer
- 1964 - Jorge Luis Gonzales , Cuban-born American boxer
- 1965 - Ty Pennington , American television carpenter
- 1966 - Jon Favreau , American actor, writer and director
- 1969 - Trey Parker , American cartoonist, comedian, writer, and actor
- 1972 - Pras , American musician
- 1972 - Keith Foulke , American baseball pitcher
- 1976 - Michael Young , baseball player
Deaths
- 727 - Saint Frideswide
- 1187 - Pope Urban III
- 1216 - King John
- 1432 - John De Mowbray, 2nd Duke Of Norfolk , English politician (b. 1392 )
- 1587 - Francesco I De' Medici, Grand Duke Of Tuscany (b. 1541 )
- 1608 - Martin Delrio , Flemish theologian and occultist (b. 1551 )
- 1636 - Marcin Kazanowski , Polish politician
- 1682 - Thomas Browne , English writer (b. 1605 )
- 1723 - Godfrey Kneller , German-born painter (b. 1646 )
- 1745 - Jonathan Swift , Irish author (b. 1667 )
- 1790 - Lyman Hall , American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1724 )
- 1813 - Józef Antoni Poniatowski , Polish prince and Marshal of France (friendly fire) (b. 1763 )
- 1851 - Marie Thérèse Charlotte (b. 1778 )
- 1889 - King Louis Of Portugal (b. 1838 )
- 1897 - George Pullman , American inventor and industrialist (b. 1831 )
- 1901 - Carl Frederik Tietgen , Danish financier and industrialist (b. 1829 )
- 1918 - Harold Lockwood , American actor (b. 1887 )
- 1936 - Lu Xun , Chinese writer (b. 1881 )
- 1937 - Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford Of Nelson , New Zealand physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Chemistry (b. 1871 )
- 1943 - Camille Claudel , French sculptor (b. 1864 )
- 1950 - Edna St. Vincent Millay , American poet (b. 1892 )
- 1956 - Isham Jones , American musician (b. 1894 )
- 1973 - Walt Kelly , American cartoonist (b. 1913 )
- 1983 - Maurice Bishop , Prime Minister Of Grenada (b. 1944 )
- 1987 - Jacqueline Du Pré , English cellist (b. 1945 )
- 1988 - Son House , American musician (b. 1902 )
- 1992 - Arthur Wint , Jamaican runner (b. 1920 )
- 1994 - Martha Raye , American comedian and actress (b. 1916 )
- 1997 - Glen Buxton , American guitarist (b. 1947 )
- 1999 - Nathalie Sarraute , Russian-born French writer (b. 1900 )
- 2003 - Faith Fancher , American television journalist and activist (b. 1950 )
- 2003 - Alija Izetbegovic , President of Bosnia-Herzegovina (b. 1925 )
- 2003 - Margaret Murie , American conservationist (b. 1902 )
- 2003 - Michael Hegstrand , American professional wrestler (b. 1957 )
- 2004 - Kenneth E. Iverson , Canadian computer scientist and inventor of the APL Programming Language (b. 1920 )
Holidays and observances
External links
October 18 - October 20 - November 19 - September 19 - more Historical Anniversaries
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