| Monterrey, Mexico |
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end of table --> Monterrey is the capital city of the Mexican state of Nuevo León and the municipal seat of the Municipality Of The Same Name . Geography The city of Monterrey is located in northeastern Mexico, in the state of Nuevo León ; it has about 1.1 million inhabitants, although the Greater Monterrey Metropolitan Area (composed of the cities of San Pedro Garza García , San Nicolás De Los Garza , Apodaca , Guadalupe , Escobedo , Santa Catarina and the adjacent towns of García, Juárez, Santiago, Ciénega de Flores, Salinas Victoria and Pesquería) add another 2.5 million (total 2006 pop. est: 3.6 million) distributed on 572.8 km&2 making Monterrey's metropolitan area the third most populous in Mexico but the second largest and most important urban area after the capital. Monterrey is located at , and 530 meters above the sea level (downtown) in the Northeastern Mexican state of Nuevo León . The Santa Catarina River bisects the city. Although this river is dry for most of the year, it flows after occasional heavy rains. Monterrey, also known as "La Ciudad de las Montañas" ("City of the Mountains"), has the Highest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Per Capita In Latin America . It lays at the foothill of the Sierra Madre Oriental Mountain Range , which seems to come to an abrupt start south of the city, i.e. the famous peak ''La Eme'' (the "M") in San Pedro Garza García . The remarkable mountains and sierras around Monterrey are Limestone ( Calcareous ), Sedimentary , of biological origin; they are essentially the remains of ancient ( Cretaceous and Jurassic ) Reefs and marine shells; fossils of these are very abundant in the local rocks. Volcanic rocks and activity do not exist in any significant amounts in these mountain ranges. A small hill, the Cerro Del Topo and its smaller Topo Chico are located in the suburbs of San Nicolás de los Garza and Escobedo. West of the city rises the Cerro De Las Mitras , so called because the profile of several Bishops with their Mitres (mitra) can be seen along its edge. East of the city, the iconic Cerro De La Silla ("Saddle Hill") dominates the view. South of the Santa Catarina river, the Loma Larga separates Monterrey from the suburb of San Pedro Garza García. North of the river, the summit of the Cerro Del Obispado is the site of the historic Bishop's Palace (Obispado), where one of the most important Battle s in the Mexican-American War was fought. Government, Transportation, and Public Safety :''See also articles in the category Monterrey and its Metropolitan Area have democratic governments; the political environment is one of civility and power alternancy between political parties. Currently, the Municipal President of the Municipality Of Monterrey is Edgar Oláiz Ortiz . The state of Nuevo León, of which Monterrey is the capital, is governed by José Natividad González Parás who belongs to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI); he will remain in office until 2009 . On the transport infrastructure issue, the city is communicated by several main roads, including the Carretera Nacional (National or Panamerican Highway) that runs from (served by major international carriers) and Del Norte International Airport . There is no public transportation from the Mariano Escobedo Airport other than airport taxis which charge about $20 US for a one-way ride to the city. From this airport, there is a bus shuttle to nearby Saltillo {Link without Title} . There are many between-cities bus lines at the bus station downtown (avenida Colón). Buses are modern and efficient, with many arrivals and departures everyday into deeper Mexico, and to the U.S. border (Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa, Matamoros), and into the United States [http://www.autobusesamericanos.com.mx , [http://www.odm.com.mx]. Public transportation in the city includes: a modern but limited are on a severely increasing trend {Link without Title} . Driving in the city might be difficult for the novice; there are a million of motor vehicles in the metropolitan area, and traffic can be hectic. Monterrey is the only metropolitan area of the country that is below the national average of criminal incidence. The Nuevo Leon state´s capital and 10 of its surrounding municipalities ( Apodaca , García , San Pedro Garza García , General Escobedo , Guadalupe , Juárez , Salinas Victoria , San Nicolas De Los Garza , Santa Catarina and Santiago ) reported in the year 2004 to have a criminal incidence of 8,034 crimes for every 100,000 people , whereas the national average of criminal incidence was 11,246 for every 100,000 people. The metro area of Monterrey is the most secure of all major metropolitan areas of the country. Industry and business .]] :''See also Monterrey is a major industrial center among cities in Mexico, second only to the nation's capital. As a result of its strong steel industry, it is often called "the Pittsburgh of Mexico". The city has prominent positions in sectors such as Steel , Cement , glass, auto parts, and beer. In 1999 '' Fortune Magazine '' voted Monterrey as the best city in Latin America in which to do Business . The magazine attributes its economic wealth in part to its proximity with the United States-Mexican border and mentions Monterrey as a significant city with economic links to the United States, recognized around the world for its entrepeneurial character Monterrey is considered one of the best cities for business in the world.. Monterrey´s industrialization process was accelerated in the late 19th century by the Compañia Fundidora de Fierro y Acero Monterrey. Today, it is home of powerful conglomerates, such as Cemex (world's second largest cement company), Bimbo (bakery), Maseca (food), Banorte . The FEMSA corporation owns a large brewery, the Cervecería Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma (see also the baseball museum named Salon De La Fama ). This brewery is possibly the largest in Mexico; it produces the brands Sol , Tecate , Indio and several others. In the year 2000, the economic resources of the city accounted for more than 31.3 billion USD. By the end of 2005, there were more than 13,000 Manufacturing companies, 55,000 retail stores, and more than 52,000 service firms.. Monterrey accounts for about 95 % of the State of Nuevo Leon's GDP, and 18% of Mexico's manufactured exports come from this city. The metals sector, dominated by iron and steel, accounted for 6 percent of manufacturing GNP in 1994. The Steel Industry is centered in Monterrey, where the country's first steel mills opened in 1903. Steel Plant s in Monterrey, privatized in 1986, accounted for about half of Mexico's total steel output in the early 1990s. Monterrey was also voted city number 87 (scoring a 92), in terms of Quality of Living, by Mercer Human Resource Consulting on 2005, on their worldwide report. This makes Monterrey the Top city in Latin America in terms of Quality of Life (which includes safety, income levels, purchasing power, education oportunities and health services). {Link without Title} Landmarks :''See also articles in the category
Historical and Cultural Sites
Sightseeing around Monterrey
Natural Areas The mountains around Monterrey harbor an almost endless number of canyons, trails and roads, crossing deserts and forests. These trails vary in their difficulty from supereasy to those for the expert Rockclimber only. The ones below are just some of the better-known, accessible ones.
History :''See also articles in the category In the mid- 1500s , the area was largely unexplored by the Spanish. It was known as Extremadura Valley . Several unsuccessful expeditions led by Alberto Del Canto had tried to colonize the area. An expedition led by Luis Carvajal Y De La Cueva established a settlement in the area called San Luis Rey de Francia, but was frustrated by the Inquisition and the persecution of the Sephardi m among the colonists. A third expedition of twelve families led by Diego De Montemayor founded Ciudad Metropolitana de Nuestra Señora de Monterrey (Metropolitan City of Our Lady of Monterrey, now only Monterrey) on September 20 , 1596 , next to a spring called Ojos de Agua de Santa Lucia , where the Museum of Mexican History is now located. During the years of Spanish Rule, Monterrey was a place that connected trade between San Antonio (nowadays in Texas ), Tampico , and Saltillo and the center of the country. Tampico's port brought many products from Europe , while Saltillo concentrated the Northern Territories trade with the capital, Mexico City . San Antonio was the key trade point with the northern foreign colonies (British and French). After the Mexican Independence War , Monterrey rose as a key economical center for the newly formed nation, especially due to its balanced ties between Europe (with its connections to Tampico), the United States (with its connections to San Antonio), and the capital (through Saltillo). However, the anarchy that followed the first 50 years of the new country allowed for two American Invasions, and a secession war. Monterrey became capital of the State of Nuevo León, which during its endeavor to become an independent country annexed the state of Coahuila. , constructed at the end of the 18th century.]] Most of the generals in the [[French intervention in Mexico| Mexican War against France]] were natives of the city, including Mariano Escobedo , Juan Zuazua and Jerónimo Treviño . During the last decade of the 19th Century, the city of Monterrey gained access to the railroads, which benefitted industry. It was during this period that José Eleuterio González, " Gonzalitos ", founded the Colegio Civil , an early effort to create a university in Nuevo León, he also founded the Hospital Civil which is one of the best public hospitals in the northeast of Mexico nowadays, and also serves as medicine school support to the Facultad De Medicina De La UANL , making it a teaching/community-serving facility in the present. founded, in 1943 the Monterrey Institute Of Technology ('' Instituto Tecnológico Y De Estudios Superiores De Monterrey '', ''ITESM'', or ''Tec''). This educational institution has evolved into one of the leading business and engineering schools in Latin America. By the mid 20th century, in a country where state-owned companies sustained the economy, Monterrey shone brightly as one of the most important economic districts in the land due to its strong private sector and fierce sense of independence. In the last decades of the 20th century, '''' in Guadalajara and '' Palabra '' in Saltillo . Other newspapers in Monterrey are ''Milenio'' and ''El Porvenir'' [http://www.elporvenir.com.mx . In 1988 , Hurricane Gilbert caused great damage to the city; the Santa Catarina River overflew, causing about 100 deaths and severe economic damage. In 2002 , the United Nations International Conference On Financing For Development was held in the city, with the participation of more than 50 heads of state and government as well as other ministers and senior delegates from over 150 countries. The conference resulted in the adoption of the " Monterrey Consensus ", which has become one relevant reference point for international development cooperation. At the conference, the US and the EU announced new aid commitments, which added an extra $30 billion for development. This amounts to the largest increase for assistance at any international conference. Countries also reached agreements on debt relief, fighting corruption, policy coherence and increased participation of developing countries in international decision-making and norm-setting. The event attracted some additional media attention when Cuban President Fidel Castro left the meeting before U.S President George W. Bush arrived: Castro alleged the Mexican government asked him to leave to prevent an uncomfortable encounter between the two. In 2007 , Monterrey will hold the Universal Forum Of Cultures . The cost of holding this event is stirring controversy among the community. Food (young goat) is a traditional dish in Monterrey.]] Typical Monterrey cuisine includes Machacado Con Huevo , a dish prepared with dry beef, eggs, and salsa. Perhaps the most traditional dish from Monterrey is Cabrito Al Pastor , a young (suckling) goat cooked on embers based on the Jewish Cuisine of the founders of the city. Other local dishes and customs that perhaps date back to the Crypto-Judaism of these founders are the "semita" (bread without leavening), the capirotada dessert (a mix of cooked bread, cheese, raisins, peanuts, and crystallized sugarcane juice), and the relative absence of pork dishes. Education Campus Monterrey]] The most prestigious private university in Mexico is the '' holds its headquarters in this city. '' EGADE '', The Graduate School of Business Administration and Leadership is one of the top best ranked business schools of LatinAmerica and the MBA program as well. The '' Universidad Autónoma De Nuevo León '', or UANL (English: Autonomous University of Nuevo León), is among the most recognized public schools in Latin America; it has one of the top medical schools in the country. Several other private universities, like the University Of Monterrey (UDEM), Universidad del Norte (UN), and the Universidad Regiomontana are also present in the city. Sports play in the Estadio Tecnológico stadium.]] :''See also articles in the category Monterrey has two Soccer teams in the Mexican league, the Tigres of the Universidad Autónoma De Nuevo León and the Club De Fútbol Monterrey , known as the Rayados . While Tigres play in their stadium, the Estadio Universitario in San Nicolás De Los Garza , Rayados plays in the Estadio Tecnológico , a facility owned by the ITESM, and rented to the team. The city hosted many official games during the 1986 FIFA World Cup . Baseball has a long history in the city, where it became the most popular sport during the early 20th century. Monterrey has been champion of the Little League World Tournament twice, and often hosts Major League games. In the Mexican league, the Sultanes are one important team every season, and in the year 2003 , they unsuccessfully attempted to buy (and relocate to Monterrey) the Montreal Expos franchise of the Major League . Monterrey also has a basketball team, Fuerza Regia , which plays in the Mexican league. The city also hosts the CART race in Fundidora Park since 2001 and hosted the A1 Grand Prix of Nations on February 2006. Other popular sports include golf and college American football, with two local teams: the Autenticos Tigres ( and many other canyons. Famous people :''See also articles in the category Famous people from Monterrey include:
Pop and Rock bands from Monterrey :''See also articles in the category Starting in the 90's, Monterrey has witnessed the birth of several bands that often tour South America , the USA and Europe , and play a number of internationally popular songs. Their genres vary considerably. Some of these bands are Plastilina Mosh , Control Machete , Kinky , El Gran Silencio , Jumbo , Panda , Genitallica , Vaquero (formerly Zurdok), Volovan . The song ''Los Oxidados'' by Plastilina Mosh opens the 2005 movie Mr. And Mrs. Smith . Kinky played at the 2004 edition of the Coachella Festival in California, along with Radiohead , The Cure and The Killers . Other cities named Monterrey Monterrey, Nuevo León is not the only city of that name that exists; there is also a city with that name in Colombia ( Monterrey, Colombia ; airport code MOY ). Monterrey is sometimes known as "Old Monterrey" since it was founded before Monterey, California , USA , which is spelled with only one "R". In Spain, the name of the original city that inspired both New World cities is written Monterrei , with an "I" at the end. References #Note|steel}} Country-data. Mexico - Industry . Retrieved February 11, 2006 #Note|gdp}} Monterrey, Mexico . Retrieved February 11, 2006 #Note|border}} ''Mexico Connect''. North star shines . Retrieved February 11, 2006 #Note|workers}} Weldmex General information . Retrieved February 11, 2006 External links
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