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靺鞨
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Mohe
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Moho
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말갈
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靺鞨
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Malgal
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Malgal
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The were a
Tungusic people in ancient
Manchuria . They are sometimes considered the ancestors of modern-day
Manchus . According to some records, they originally dwelt near the
Liao River and later migrated southward. According to Chinese records, they were governed by the
Buyeo kingdom, but broke free during the Chinese
Three Kingdoms period. They subsequently became an autonomous state. They were involved in the early history of the
Three Kingdoms Period Of Korea . The records of
Baekje and
Silla during the
1st Century and
2nd Century AD include numerous battles against the Mohe.
The Mohe were divided into various tribes, the most powerful of which were the , and some of whom serve as common people (i.e., vassals) to the
Tujue ."
The Mohe also participated in the later kingdom of
Balhae , 698-926. The founder of Balhae,
Dae Joyeong (大祚榮), was a former
Goguryeo general of Sumo Mohe stock. After the fall of Balhae, few historical traces of the Mohe can be found. They might have risen again later under another name, the
Jurchen .
The name of the Mohe also appears as "Maka" in "Shin-Maka" (Japanese 新靺鞨, しんまか) or "New Mohe," the name of a dance and the musical piece that accompanies it, which was introduced to the Japanese court during the Nara Period or around the beginning of the Heian Period from the
Balhae Kingdom. In modern Japanese historical texts, the name of the Mohe is annotated with the "
Kana " reading Makkatsu (まっかつ), which is probably a reading pronunciation based on the standard Sino-Japanese readings of the Chinese characters used to transcribe the ethnonym of the Mohe.
