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| nationality=american | image=John Quincy Adams.jpg | order=6th President | term_start= March 4 , 1825 | term_end= March 3 , 1829 | predecessor= James Monroe | successor= Andrew Jackson | birth_date= July 11 , 1767 | birth_place= Braintree , Massachusetts | death_date= February 23 , 1848 | death_place= Washington, D.C. | spouse= Louisa Catherine (Johnson) Adams | party= Federalist , Republican , National Republican and Whig | vicepresident= John C. Calhoun }} John Quincy Adams ( July 11 , 1767 – February 23 , 1848 ) was an American Lawyer , Diplomat , Politician , and President Of The United States ( March 4 , 1825 – March 3 , 1829 ). Successively a Federalist , Democratic-Republican , National Republican and later a Whig . Adams was the son of U.S. President John Adams and Abigail Adams . Early career "The Mysterious Q" was born in Braintree , Massachusetts in a part of town which eventually became the separate town of Quincy . The John Quincy Adams Birthplace , now part of Adams National Historical Park , is open to the public, as is the nearby Abigail Adams Cairn , which marks the site from which he viewed the Battle Of Bunker Hill as a seven-year-old boy. As a child, Adams spent much time overseas, acquired his early education in Europe , at venerable institutions such as the University Of Leiden while accompanying his father who was serving as an American envoy to France (1778-79) and the Netherlands (1780). He returned to America and was graduated from Harvard College in 1787 and admitted to the bar, beginning practice in Boston . George Washington appointed him as minister to the Netherlands (1794-96), and Portugal (1796). His father appointed him minister to Prussia (1797-1801). While serving abroad, he married Louisa Catherine Johnson , the daughter of an American merchant. Adams afterwards returned to Quincy where he lived in the Old House (now a museum). He began his political career in 1802 when he was elected to the Massachusetts Senate. Adams was an unsuccessful Federalist candidate for election to the U.S. House of Representatives in the same year. He was elected as a Federalist to the U.S. Senate, serving from March 4, 1803, until June 8, 1808, breaking with the Federalists and becoming a Republican. Adams was Minister to Russia from 1809 to 1814, chief negotiator of the U.S. commission for the Treaty Of Ghent in 1814, and Minister to the Court of St. James (Britain) from 1815 to 1817. Adams was Secretary Of State in the Cabinet of President James Monroe from 1817 to 1825, a tenure during which he was instrumental in the acquisition of Florida and in keeping the United States from becoming dependent on the United Kingdom . He was sometimes called the "Lone Wolf" for his positions during this time because he often went against the majority opinion. Typically, however, his alone were the ones that Monroe decided upon. As Secretary of State, he negotiated the Adams-Onís Treaty and helped develop the Monroe Doctrine , which warned European nations not to meddle in affairs of the Western Hemisphere. Election of 1824 Adams ran against three other candidates in the Presidential Election Of 1824 . No one had a majority of electoral votes (or popular votes). The House of Representatives dropped the lowest Henry Clay , who gave his support to Adams. Adams then named Clay Secretary of State, to the angry complaints of Andrew Jackson , who alleged a Corrupt Bargain and vowed to run again in 1828. Presidency 1825-1829 Policies During the time he was in office, Adams worked on developing the American System comprising a federal system of roads, canals, bridges, lighthouses, and universities. He and Clay set up a new party, the National Republican Party , but it never took root in the states. He was defeated by Jackson in the Presidential Election Of 1828 Most of his initiatives were thwarted in Congress by Jackson's supporters who remained outraged over the 1824 election. Supreme Court appointments Robert Trimble – 1826 States admitted to the Union None Later life of John Q Adams which was in use around 1830 .]] After his presidency, rather than retire, Adams went on to win election as a National Republican to the House Of Representatives , serving from 1831 until his death. He was chairman of the Committee on Manufactures (for the 22nd through 26th, 28th and 29th Congresses, respectively), the Committee on Indian Affairs (for the 27th Congress) and the Committee on Foreign Affairs (also for the 27th Congress). He was an unsuccessful candidate for Governor of Massachusetts in 1834. In 1841, Adams represented the Amistad Africans in the Supreme Court Of The United States and successfully argued that the Africans, who had seized control of a Spanish ship where they were being held as illegal Slave s, should not be returned to Spain , but returned home as free people. Adams's son Charles Francis also pursued a career in politics. Adams died of a Cerebral Hemorrhage on February 23 , 1848 in the Capitol Building , Washington, D.C. . His interment was in the family burial ground at Quincy, and he was subsequently reinterred after his wife's death in a family crypt in the United First Parish Church across the street, where his tomb can be viewed today. Trivia
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