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Claiming descent from the legendary Chichimec chieftans Xolotl and Nopaltzin , Ixtlixochitl set Tetzcoco against the powerful city of Azcapotzalco under Tezozomoc . He married the Mexica princess Matlalcihuatzin, a daughter of Huitzilihuitl , ''tlatoani'' of Tenochtitlan , in preference of Tezozomoc's daughter, and taking the title ''Chichimeca Tecuhtli'', "Lord of the Chichimecs", urged the Mexica to ally with him against Azcapotzalco. However, his half-brother-in-law Chimalpopoca (who was also Tezozomoc's grandson) remained loyal to Azcapotzalco when he assumed the throne of Tenochtitlan in 1417. Ixtlixochitl's forces attempted to besiege Azcapotzalco but were driven back. In 1418 he was driven from Tetzcoco and finally cornered in the foothills of Mount Tlaloc . His young son Nezahualcoyotl witnessed his death from the branches of a nearby tree.

Tetzcoco was awarded to Tenochtitlan as a tributary, and Nezahualcoyotl fled into exile in Huexotzingo .