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Ivan Platonovich Grave (''Иван Платонович Граве'' in Russian ; last name is pronounced '''Graaveh''') ( November 13 O.S. (25), 1874 , Kazan - March 3 , 1960 , Moscow ) was a Russia n and Soviet scientist in the field of Artillery , Doctor Of Technical Sciences ( 1939 ), Professor ( 1927 ), member of the Academy Of Artillery Sciences ( 1947 - 1953 ), Major General of the Engineer Corps ( 1942 ). Ivan Grave graduated from the Mikhailovskoye Artillery School ( 1895 ) and Mikhailovskaya Artillery Academy ( 1900 ), where he would begin to teach four year later. In 1916 , Grave invented a Missile powered by Smokeless Powder and launched from mobile Launchers , and therefore he is also known as father of '' Katyusha ''. In 1918 , he participated in creating the RKKA Artillery Academy , where he would work as a head of studies and head of a department until 1943 . Ivan Grave was one of the founders of the Soviet school of Internal Ballistics . Ivan Grave authored two major works called '' Internal Ballistics '' (Внутренняя баллистика) ( 1933 - 1938 ) and ''Ballistics of Semiclosed Space'' (Баллистика полузамкнутого пространства) ( 1940 ). In 1938 Ivan Grave was arrested under the false accusation of participating in the " Military-Fascist Plot ," but was released in February 1939 by Stalin 's order as a particularly valuable specialist. Ivan Grave was awarded the Stalin Prize ( 1942 ), Order Of Lenin , Orders Of The Red Banner , Order Of The Patriotic War (1st Class), Order Of The Red Star , and numerous Medal s. The Grave Crater on the Moon is named after Ivan Grave. |