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| nationality=american | image name=Harry Reid official portrait.jpg | jr/sr and state=Senior Senator, Nevada | party= Democratic | term=January 1987 –Present (19 yrs. in office) | preceded= Paul Laxalt | succeeded=Incumbent (2011) | date of birth= December 2 , 1939 | place of birth= Searchlight , Nevada | dead=alive | date of death= | place of death= | spouse=Landra Gould | religion= Mormon }} Harry Mason Reid (born December 2 1939 ) is the Senior United States Senator from Nevada and a member of the Democratic Party , for which he serves as Senate Minority Leader . Reid is a member of The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter-Day Saints . Early life and work Reid is a converted member of The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter-day Saints . He is a native of the small mining town of Searchlight, Nevada , where his nickname since childhood was "Pinky." Reid attended Basic High School in Henderson , where he had as a history teacher Mike O'Callaghan , who would play a prominent role in his future. Reid received his A.S. from Southern Utah State College in 1959 and in 1961 earned his B.S. from Utah State University . He moved to Washington, D.C. and worked as an officer for the U.S. Capitol Police while attending George Washington University for his Law Degree . Reid graduated in 1964 and returned to Nevada to work as a Lawyer before entering politics. He served in the Nevada State Assembly from 1968 to 1970 and was elected Lieutenant Governor in 1970, the same year his mentor O'Callaghan was elected governor. He served in that office until 1974, when he ran for the U.S. Senate seat being vacated by Alan Bible . He lost by fewer than 600 votes to former Governor Paul Laxalt . Reid then served as Nevada state Gaming Commissioner from 1977 to 1981, a post which subjected him to death threats. Reid's wife once found a bomb attached to one of their cars. A character in the film '' Casino '' played by Dick Smothers is based, in part, on Reid. Jack Gordon , the manager and future husband of singer LaToya Jackson , once tried to bribe Reid. Reid allowed the FBI to tape Gordon's attempt to bribe him with $12000, at which point Reid attempted (unsuccessfully) to strangle Gordon, saying "You son of a bitch, you tried to bribe me!" National political career Nevada had been represented by only one member of the United States House Of Representatives since statehood, but tremendous growth in the 1970s resulted in the state being split into two districts. Reid won the Democratic nomination for the 1st Congressional District , based in Las Vegas, in 1982. He was easily elected in November and served two terms there, from 1983 to 1987, being reelected in 1984. He was elected to the Senate in 1986 , now succeeding Laxalt. Reid was reelected in 1992 , 1998 and 2004 . In 1998, he narrowly defeated his Republican opponent, future Senator John Ensign (Ensign won Nevada's other Senate seat in 2000 ); and his Republican opponent in 2004 was Richard Ziser , whom Reid defeated by a vote of 61%-35%. In 1999, Reid became Minority Whip , and the right hand man of Minority Leader Tom Daschle of South Dakota . On November 16 2004 , Reid was elected Senate Democratic Leader and Minority Leader for the 109th Congress , following Daschle's defeat in his bid for reelection to the Senate. (R-ME) speaks and Sen. Bill Frist (R-TN) listens at the unveiling of Senator Margaret Chase Smith 's portrait in the U.S. Capitol.]] It is a common held belief in Nevada that Reid made most of his considerable fortune on real estate deals based on insider congressional information. Like most on Capital Hill, he will deny this allegation. When Senate Republicans threatened to invoke the Nuclear Option , Reid became one of the option's most fervent opponents. He threatened to virtually shut down Senate business if it were successfully invoked. However, when a group of moderate senators known as the Gang Of Fourteen reached a compromise, he embraced the agreement with open arms. During the Congressional Recess of 2005, Reid suffered a " Transient Ischemic Attack ", also known as a mini-stroke. He sought medical help at the advice of his wife, Landra. A three day delay in disclosing the stroke to the press and public raised some questions. {Link without Title} {Link without Title} On November 1 2005 , Reid moved that the Senate go into Closed Session , a very unusual action. The public was removed from the Senate chambers. The move was intended to draw attention to the continuing controversy as to the inaccuracy of intelligence that claimed Iraq had been in possession of weapons of mass destruction. When he called for the closed session, Reid expressed anger that a letter signed by Democratic senators to the White House demanding such an investigation had been answered by a form letter. The move was an attempt to get around the perceived stalling by Senate Intelligence Committee chairman Pat Roberts (R- KS ). Roberts had promised in July of 2004 to investigate the Bush administration's misuse of intelligence before the Iraq War, but to date has not released any findings of such an investigation. During this closed session, Democrats demanded that the Republican majority finish its report on pre-war intelligence. Republicans decried this move as a political stunt as the investigation was already well under way. Reid contended that this investigation has been constantly delayed, and this move necessary to force an end to the delays. On March 22, 2006, Reid said "We’ve been in Iraq longer than we were in World War II." {Link without Title} Recently Reid Press Secretary Tessa Hafen resigned her office in order to run against Republican Representative Jon Porter in the 3rd Congressional district with a strong show of support from Reid and others. {Link without Title} Senate committee memberships
Campaign donations criticism See Also: Jack Abramoff Indian lobbying scandal In the wake of the 2006 corruption conviction of . Reid supported that bill, though it was opposed by Abramoff's clients. Reid stated that the contributions and contacts were legal and his actions were proper. He also described the Abramoff affair as "a Republican scandal," referring to Abramoff's felony conviction for bribing Republican Congressman Bob Ney and his close affiliation with the Republican K Street Project . Reid spokesman Jim Manley said that Reid had never met Abramoff personally, that neither Reid nor his campaign has ever received money directly from Abramoff, and that his legislative work was done on behalf of his Nevadan constituents. Opinions, beliefs and personal traits Harry Reid's exact position on Abortion is difficult to pin down. Some consider him to be Pro-life , or an opponent of legalized abortion, because of his vote against support of '' Roe V. Wade '' in 2004. However, Reid was a co-sponsor of the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act of 1994, which set new rules and restrictions on abortion rights protesters. Although he voted on numerous occasions for the ban on Partial-birth Abortion s, in 2003 he supported substitute language that would have banned all late-term abortions, while allowing exceptions for the life and health of the woman involved, a position supported by many in the Pro-choice movement. But Reid has refused to answer whether he wants ''Roe v. Wade'' overturned. In 2005, Reid proposed that Bush name one of four fervently pro-life Republican senators — Lindsey Graham of South Carolina (who promptly said he wasn't interested), Mike DeWine of Ohio, Mel Martinez of Florida, or Mike Crapo of Idaho — to fill the seat on the U.S. Supreme Court ostensibly vacated by Sandra Day O'Connor . But he voted against John Roberts , nominated to replace Chief Justice William Rehnquist on his death, Bush's first Supreme Court nominee, in part because he claimed Roberts hadn't shown enough devotion to the protection of Women's Rights , even though Roberts received a confirmation vote from half of the Democrats in the Senate. Reid received a 100% rating from NARAL in 2001 , and from 1995 - 2004 voted with the interests of the National Family Planning And Reproductive Health Association 69% of the time. However, in 2003 and 2004 , Reid received a 29% and 20% rating, respectively, from NARAL Pro-Choice America . Still, this is about the same rating that Senator Arlen Specter (R- PA ), who is universally considered to be pro-choice, has received. Reid was the first Senator to express support of Bush's second nominee to the Court, Harriet Miers . Bush had discussed the selection with Reid in advance of the announcement. After Miers withdrew her nomination, Reid asked Bush not to reward the Religious Right 's "bad behavior" by appointing a Right-wing ideologue. Reid is an opponent of Tort Reform , and opposes a proposed national Asbestos liability Trust fund. Reid also opposes Free Trade Agreement s. On fiscal matters, Reid voted against the Balanced Budget Amendment and opposes the Tax Cut s passed since Bush took office. He does not approve of Same-sex Marriage , but is against a constitutional amendment defining marriage. He has a mixed record on Gun Politics , voting against the ban on Assault Weapons and in favor of the Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act, but in favor of the Brady Bill and background checks at gun shows. Reid is a strong supporter of the Death Penalty , having voted in favor of limiting death penalty Appeal s and executing criminals who were minors when they committed their crime. He voted to authorize Military Force In Iraq in 1991 and 2003 . Reid made headlines in May 2005 when he said of George W. Bush, "The man's father is a wonderful human being. I think this guy is a loser." Reid later apologized for these comments. Reid also called Supreme Court Associate Justice Clarence Thomas an "embarrassment" and referred to Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan as a "partisan hack." Reid is married to Landra Gould, a Mormon convert from Judaism . They have five children, one of which is an elected Commissioner for Clark County, Nevada. Reference # Note|minorityretort}}, August 8 2005 # Note|gopanger}}Babington, Charles and Dafna Linzer " GOP Angered by Closed Senate Session ". Washingtonpost.com , November 2 2005 # Note|closedsession}} Roberts blasts closed session 'stunt' , CNN , November 2 2005 # Note|108th}} MAKING MINORITY PARTY ASSIGNMENTS -- (Senate - January 15 2003 ) # Note|109th}} MAKING MINORITY PARTY APPOINTMENTS TO COMMITTEES -- (Senate - January 6 2005 ) # Note|routinue}} Reid's ties to Abramoff are stronger than he let on , The Associated Press , February 10 2006 # Note|Platt}} Lobbyist Minimizes Talks With Reid's Staff , Associated Press , February 11 2006 # Note|minimumwage}}Kouri, Jim " "Sen. Reid Knee Deep in Abramoff Dirt" , Axcess News , February 11 2006 # Note|solomon2}}, February 12 2006 # Note|pinky}} July 17 2005 # Note|solomon}}, February 9 2006 # Note|diaryerror}}, January 3 2005 # Note|10thfeb}} Lobbyist Confirms Talks With Reid's Office , The Associated Press , February 11 2006 External links
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