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Grappling Hold




Clinching .]]
A grappling hold (commonly referred to simply as a '''hold''') is a , Joint-lock or Compression Lock .


CLINCH HOLD

A clinch hold (also known as a '''clinching hold''') is a grappling hold which used in Clinch Fighting with the purpose of controlling the opponent. The use of a clinch hold results in the Clinch . Clinch holds can be used to close in on the opponent, as a precursor to a Takedown or Throw , or to prevent the opponent from moving away or Striking effectively. Typical clinch holds include:

demonstrates a Wristlock as a pain compliance technique.]]

PAIN COMPLIANCE HOLD


A pain compliance hold (also referred to as a '''pain compliance technique''' or sometimes a '''pain hold''') is a grappling hold which uses painful Joint Lock , Compression Lock or Pressure Point technique to control a person or opponent. Pain compliance techniques are used by Law Enforcement , and often taught as a Self-defense technique in Martial Art s and Combatives .

Frequently used by Police and Corrections personnel in accordance with an "escalation of force" policy, such techniques presume a rational adversary. Some altered states such as Mental Illness , extreme Flexibility , Phencyclidine and Amphetamine use, or extreme Adrenaline may alter the subject's perception of pain or willingness to submit. Like other forms of supposedly Non-lethal Force , such pain compliance strategies are not perfect and may be abused as a form of Torture , with Plausible Deniability . For this reason the use of pain compliance holds is often subject to explicit Rules Of Engagement designed to prevent abuse and avoid Conflict Escalation .

is a type of pinning hold.]]


PINNING HOLD

A pinning hold (also known as a '''hold down''' and in Budo as ''osaekomi-waza'', 押込技, "pinning technique") is a general grappling hold used in Ground Fighting which is aimed at exerting superior control over an opponent and pinning the opponent to the ground. Pinning holds where both the opponent's shoulders touch the ground are considered winning conditions in several Combat Sport s.

An effective pinning hold is a winning condition in many styles of Wrestling , and is known as simply a " Pin ". Pinning holds executed over 25 seconds are also a winning condition in Judo . Pinning holds are also used in Submission Wrestling and Mixed Martial Art s, even though the pinning hold itself is not a winning condition. The holds can be used to rest while the opponent tries to escape or to control the opponent while Striking , a tactic known as Ground And Pound .

is a very effective submission hold that hyperextends the Elbow Joint .]]


SUBMISSION HOLD

A submission hold (colloquially referred to as a "'''submission'''") is a Combat Sport s term for a grappling hold which is applied with the purpose of forcing an opponent to Submit , either due to extreme pain and/or fear of injury. Submission holds are used primarily in Ground Fighting and can be separated into Chokehold s, Compression Lock s and Joint Lock s. When used as a form of Self-defense , these techniques may cause Dislocation , torn Ligaments , Bone Fracture s, Unconsciousness or even Death .

Common Combat Sports featuring submission holds are:


PARTIAL LIST OF GRAPPLING HOLDS

The same hold may be called by different names in different arts or countries. Some of the more common names for grappling holds in contemporary English include:



  • '''s at the Elbow or Shoulder .

  • ''' similar to the Triangle Choke except using the arms.

  • Bear Hug : A clinching hold encircling the opponent's torso with both arms, pulling toward oneself.

  • ''' on the Bicep .



  • Crosschoke: Athlete crosses own arms in "X" shape and holds onto opponent's Gi or clothing.

  • '''.

  • Figure Four : Term for arranging one's own arm or legs to resemble shape of numeral "4" when holding opponent.

  • Flying Armbar : A type of armbar that is performed from a stand-up position.


  • Grapevine: twisting limbs around limbs in a manner similar to a plant Vine .

  • ''', usually applied to an opponent from above.


  • Hammerlock : Pins the opponent's arm behind the back, with wrist toward their own shoulder.

  • Harness: A hold which encircles the torso of an opponent, sometimes diagonally.

  • Headlock: Circling the opponent's neck with an arm, especially from the side.


  • ''' which rotates the Ankle .

  • Hooks: Wrapping the arm or leg around an opponent's limb(s) for greater control.

  • Juji-Gatame : A type of armbar where the arm is held in between the legs.

  • ''' where the arm is turned like a Key .



  • ''' by pressing the Chest or Abdomen .

  • ''' on the Calf and Thigh .

  • Lock: Any stabilization of one or more Joint s at their normal extreme range of motion.

  • Muay Thai Clinch : Holding the opponent with both arms around the neck while standing.


  • ''' by pulling or twisting the head.

  • Nelson : (quarter, half, three-quarter and full): The arm is circled under the opponent's arm, and secured at the neck.

  • ''' Shoulder Lock using the legs.

  • Overhook : Holding over the opponents arm while standing.

  • ''' circles.


  • ''' from the rear.

  • Scissor: places the opponent between the athlete's legs (like paper to be cut by Scissors ).

  • '''s on the fingers or toes.


  • Spine Crank : Applies pressure to the spine by twisting or bending the body.

  • Stack: Compress opponent in vertical Sit-up position (feet up) to pin their shoulders to mat.

  • Staple: Using the opponent's clothing to help pin them against a surface.

  • Tie: A Transitional Hold used to stabilize the opponent in preparation for Striking or Throwing .


  • ''' which hyperextens the Ankle .

  • ''' which forms a triangle around the opponent's head using the legs.

  • '''.

  • Underhook : Holding under the opponent's arm while standing.

  • '''s on the Wrist or Radioulnar Joint .Wristlocks form the trademark submissions in Catch Wrestling .



SEE ALSO



REFERENCES


  • ''Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu: Theory and Technique'' by Renzo Gracie and Royler Gracie (2001). ISBN 1931229082

  • ''Championship Wrestling,'' Revised Edition. (Annapolis MD: United States Naval Institute, 1950).

  • ''No Holds Barred Fighting: The Ultimate Guide to Submission Wrestling'' by Mark Hatmaker with Doug Werner. ISBN 1884654177

  • ''Small-Circle Jujitsu'' by Wally Jay. (Burbank CA: Ohara Publications, 1989).




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