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February 23 is the 54th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar . There are 311 days remaining, 312 in Leap Year s.
Events
- 1455 - Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible , the first Western Book printed from Movable Type .
- 1660 - Charles XI becomes King Of Sweden .
- arrives at Valley Forge , Pennsylvania to help to train the Continental Army .
- cabinet ministers is exposed.
- 1836 - The Siege Of The Alamo begins in San Antonio, Texas .
- - In Mexico , American troops defeat Mexican General Antonio López De Santa Anna .
- 1854 - The official Independence of the Orange Free State is declared.
- 1861 - President -elect Abraham Lincoln arrives secretly in Washington, DC after an Assassination attempt in Baltimore, Maryland .
- 1870 - Military control of Mississippi ends and it is readmitted to the Union .
- 1874 - Walter Winfield patents a game called " Sphairistike ", now more commonly called Lawn Tennis .
- 1883 - Alabama becomes the first U.S. State to enact an Antitrust Law .
- 1887 - The French Riviera is hit by a large Earthquake , killing around 2,000.
- 1893 - Rudolf Diesel receives a patent for the Diesel Engine .
- 1898 - Émile Zola is imprisoned in France after writing " J'accuse ", a letter accusing the French Government of Anti-Semitism and wrongfully placing Captain Alfred Dreyfus in jail.
- 1900 - In South Africa the Boer s and British troops fight in the Battle Of Hart's Hill .
- 1903 - Cuba leases Guantanamo Bay to the United States "in perpetuity".
- 1904 - For $10 million the United States gains control of the Panama Canal Zone.
- 1905 - Chicago, Illinois attorney Paul Harris and three other businessmen meet for lunch to form the Rotary Club , the world's first Service Club .
- 1909 - The Silver Dart makes the first powered flight in Canada and the British Empire .
- 1919 - Benito Mussolini forms the Fascist Party in Italy .
- 1927 - The Federal Radio Commission (later renamed the Federal Communications Commission ) begins to regulate the use of Radio frequencies.
- 1934 - Léopold III becomes King of Belgium .
- troops conquer Lasi Island .
- 1941 - Plutonium was first produced and isolated by Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg .
- , a group of United States Marine s reach the top of Mount Surabachi on the island and are Photographed Raising The American Flag . The photo would later win a Pulitzer Prize .
- 1945 - , Manila , is liberated by American forces.
- 1945 - garrison in Poznan , city is liberated by Soviet and Polish forces.
- 1945 - town of Pforzheim is completely destroyed by a raid of 379 British bombers.
- 1947 - International Organization For Standardization (ISO) is founded.
- 1954 - The first mass Vaccination of children against Polio begins in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania .
- 1955 - First meeting of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization ( SEATO ).
- 1955 - Edgar Faure becomes Prime Minister of France .
- 1956 - In a cosmic event known as The Great Flare , the Earth was bombarded with a burst of protons and other nuclei from a Solar Flare .
- 1957 - The founding congress of the Senegalese Popular Bloc is opened in Dakar .
- 1958 - Cuba n rebels kidnap 5-time world driving champion Juan Manuel Fangio .
- 1966 - A military Coup in Syria replaces the previous Government .
- 1974 - The Symbionese Liberation Army demands $4 million more to release kidnap victim Patty Hearst .
- 1975 - In response to the Energy Crisis , Daylight Saving Time commences nearly two months early in the United States .
- 1980 - Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini states that Iran 's Parliament would decide the fate of the American Embassy hostages.
- 1981 - 23-F , Antonio Tejero attempts a Coup D'état by capturing the Spanish Congress Of Deputies .
- 1983 - The Spanish Socialist Government of Felipe González and Miguel Boyer nationalizes Rumasa , a holding of José María Ruiz Mateos .
- 1983 - The Environmental Protection Agency announces its intent to buy out and evacuate the Dioxin -contaminated community of Times Beach, Missouri .
- 1987 - A Supernova is seen in the Large Magellanic Cloud (see Supernova 1987a ).
- border and enter Iraq , thus starting the ground-phase of the war.
- 1991 - In Thailand , General Sunthorn Kongsompong leads a bloodless Coup D'état , deposing Prime Minister Chatichai Choonhavan .
- 1992 - The Socialist Labour Party is founded in Georgia .
- 1995 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average gains 30.28 to close at 4,003.33, closing above 4,000 for the First Time .
- 1996 - William Bonin , first man to be executed by Lethal Injection in the state of California
- 1997 - A large fire occurs in the Russia n Space Station , Mir .
- 1998 - Tornado es in central Florida destroy or damage 2,600 structures and kill 42.
- 1998 - Osama Bin Laden publishes a Fatwa declaring Jihad against all Jew s and Crusaders .
- 1999 - Kurd ish rebel leader Abdullah Öcalan is charged with Treason in Ankara , Turkey .
- 1999 - An Avalanche destroys the Austrian village of Galtür , killing 31.
- 2005 - Slovakia Summit 2005 begins, marking the first occasion when a sitting American President visits Slovakia ; Bush and Putin are in attendance.
- 2006 - Initial D Street Stage is released in Japan for the PlayStation Portable console.
Births
- 1417 - Pope Paul II (d. 1471 )
- 1633 - Samuel Pepys , English diarist (d. 1703 )
- 1646 - Tokugawa Tsunayoshi , Japanese shogun (d. 1709 )
- 1648 - Arabella Churchill , English mistress of James II Of England (d. 1730 )
- 1680 - Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne De Bienville , French colonizer and Governor of Louisiana (d. 1767 )
- 1685 - Georg Friederich Händel , German composer (d. 1759 )
- 1688 - Queen Ulrika Eleonora Of Sweden (d. 1741 )
- 1723 - Richard Price , Welsh philosopher (d. 1791 )
- 1743 - Mayer Amschel Rothschild , German-born banker (d. 1812 )
- 1840 - Carl Menger , Austrian economist (d. 1921 )
- 1868 - W.E.B. DuBois , American civil rights leader (d. 1963 )
- 1873 - Liang Qichao , Chinese scholar (d. 1929 )
- 1874 - Konstantin Päts , Estonian president (d. 1956 )
- 1878 - Kazimir Malevich , Ukrainian painter and art theorist (d. 1935 )
- 1883 - Victor Fleming , American director (d. 1949 )
- 1883 - Karl Jaspers , German philosopher (d. 1969 )
- 1889 - Musidora , French actress and director (d. 1957 )
- 1899 - Erich Kästner , German writer (d. 1974 )
- 1904 - William L. Shirer , American historian (d. 1993 )
- 1904 - Leopold Trepper , Soviet spy (d. 1982 )
- 1908 - William McMahon , twentieth Prime Minister Of Australia (d. 1988 )
- 1914 - Theofiel Middelkamp , Dutch cyclist (d. 2005 )
- 1915 - Jon Hall , American actor (d. 1979 )
- 1915 - Paul Tibbets , American pilot
- 1918 - Richard G. Butler , American fascist (d. 2004 )
- 1924 - Allan McLeod Cormack , South-African born physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine (d. 1998 )
- 1928 - Vasili Lazarev , cosmonaut (d. 1990 )
- 1932 - Majel Barrett , American actress
- 1937 - Tom Osborne , American football coach and politician
- 1938 - Diane Varsi , American actress (d. 1992 )
- 1940 - Peter Fonda , American actor
- 1943 - Fred Biletnikoff , American football player and coach
- 1944 - Johnny Winter , American musician
- 1945 - Allan Boesak , South African activist
- 1951 - Ed Jones , American football player
- 1951 - Patricia Richardson , American actress
- 1952 - Brad Whitford , American musician ( Aerosmith )
- 1954 - Viktor Yushchenko , President Of Ukraine
- 1955 - Howard Jones , British pop singer
- 1958 - Tony Barrell , English writer and journalist
- 1958 - David Sylvian , English musician
- 1959 - Richard Dodds , British field hockey player
- 1960 - Alan Griffin , Australia n politician and member for Bruce in the House Of Representatives
- 1963 - Bobby Bonilla , former baseball player
- 1964 - Dana Scully , fictional character on the tv-show The X-Files , played by Gillian Anderson
- 1965 - Kristin Davis , American actress
- 1965 - Michael Dell , American computer manufacturer
- 1965 - Helena Suková , former Czech tennis player
- 1973 - André Tanneberger , German DJ
- 1974 - Jaime Villarreal , Mexican musician
- 1974 - Leko , American DJ
- 1977 - Kristina Šmigun , Estonian cross-country skier
- 1978 - Dan Snyder , Canadian hockey player (d. 2003 )
- 1981 - Gareth Barry , English footballer
- 1983 - Mido , Egyptian footballer
- 1994 - Dakota Fanning , American child actress
Deaths
- 1100 - Emperor Zhezong of China (b. 1077 )
- 1270 - Saint Isabel Of France , daughter of Louis VIII Of France (b. 1225 )
- 1447 - Pope Eugenius IV (b. 1383 )
- 1447 - Humphrey, Duke Of Gloucester (b. 1390 )
- 1464 - Zhengtong , Emperor of China (b. 1427 )
- 1526 - Diego Colón , Spanish Viceroy of the Indies
- 1554 - Henry Grey, 1st Duke Of Suffolk , English poltician (executed)
- 1572 - Pierre Certon , French composer
- 1603 - Andrea Cesalpino , Italian philosopher, physician, and botanist (b. 1519 )
- 1669 - Leo Aitzema , Dutch historian and statesman (b. 1600 )
- 1704 - Georg Muffat , French composer (b. 1653 )
- 1730 - Pope Benedict XIII (b. 1649 )
- 1766 - Stanislaw Leszczynski , King Of Poland (b. 1677 )
- 1781 - George Taylor , American signer of the Declaration of Independence
- 1792 - Joshua Reynolds , English painter (b. 1723 )
- 1800 - Joseph Warton , English literary critic (b. 1722 )
- 1821 - John Keats , English poet (b. 1795 )
- 1848 - John Quincy Adams , 6th President Of The United States (b. 1767 )
- 1855 - Carl Friedrich Gauss , German mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (b. 1777 )
- 1865 - Keisuke Yamanami , Japanese military leader (b. 1833 )
- 1879 - Albrecht Graf Von Roon , Prime Minister Of Prussia (b. 1803 )
- 1897 - Woldemar Bargiel , German composer (b. 1828 )
- 1908 - Johannes Friedrich August Von Esmarch , German surgeon (b. 1823 )
- 1922 - Albert Victor Bäcklund , Swedish physicist (b. 1845 )
- 1930 - Horst Wessel , Nazi ideologue and composer (b. 1907 )
- 1934 - Edward Elgar , English composer (b. 1857 )
- 1948 - John Robert Gregg , Irish-born publisher and inventor (b. 1866 )
- 1955 - Paul Claudel , French poet and playwright (b. 1868 ).
- 1965 - Stan Laurel , American actor and comedian (b. 1890 )
- 1969 - King Saud Of Saudi Arabia (b. 1902 )
- 1973 - Dickinson W. Richards , American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine (b. 1895 )
- 1974 - Harry Ruby , American composer and writer (b. 1895 )
- 1979 - W.A.C. Bennett , Canadian politician (b. 1900 )
- 1990 - José Napoleón Duarte , President Of El Salvador (b. 1925 )
- 1995 - Melvin Franklin , American singer ( The Temptations ) (b. 1942 )
- 1995 - James Herriot , English writer (b. 1916 )
- 1997 - Tony Williams , American jazz drummer (b. 1945 )
- 2000 - Ofra Haza , Israeli singer (b. 1957 )
- 2000 - Stanley Matthews , English footballer (b. 1915 )
- 2003 - Robert K. Merton , American sociologist (b. 1910 )
- 2004 - Vijay Anand , Indian film director (b. 1934 )
- 2004 - Carl Anderson , American singer (b. 1945 )
- 2004 - Sikander Bakht , Governor of Kerala (b. 1918 )
- 2004 - Don Cornell , American singer (b. 1919 )
- 2004 - Carl Liscombe , Canadian hockey player (b. 1915 )
- 2006 - Benno Besson , Swiss actor and film director (b. 1922 )
Holidays and observances
External links
February 22 - February 24 - January 23 - March 23 -- Listing Of All Days
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