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Electoral fusion was once widespread in the the practice had been banned in eighteen states; today, fusion remains legal in only eight states, namely:


Fusion has the highest profile in New York; small parties significant in large part for their fused ballot lines include the Working Families Party , Liberal Party , Conservative Party , and Independence Party .

The cause of electoral fusion suffered a major setback in 1997, when the U.S. Supreme Court decided by 6-3 in Timmons V. Twin Cities Area New Party that fusion is not a constitutionally protected Civil Right .

Fusion has sometimes been used by other third parties. For example, the Libertarian Party used fusion to elect four members of the New Hampshire state legislature during the early 1990s .

Occasionally, popular candidates for local office have succeeded in being nominated by both Republican and Democratic Parties. In 1946 , Republican California Governor Earl Warren (a future Chief Justice Of The United States ) managed to win the nominations of the Republican, Democratic, and Progressive Parties.


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