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Earned runs are specially denoted because of their use in calculating a pitcher's Earned Run Average .

In determining earned runs, the Official Scorer must reconstruct the Inning as it would have occurred without the errors (which include Catcher's Interference ) and passed balls, with the benefit of the doubt always being given to the pitcher in determining which bases would have been reached by errorless play.

A run is counted as unearned when:

  • The baserunner would have been out had an error not been committed.

  • The run is scored after an error is committed that would have made the third out

  • A baserunner scores on a play where an error was committed, and the inning ends before that runner would have had a chance to score. Example: A passed ball allows a runner to score. The batter at the plate then Strikes Out to end the inning. The run is unearned. If the batter had instead got a Base Hit , the run would be earned, since the runner would have scored on that play.


In most other cases, a run is scored as an earned run.


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