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Vasily Vasilievich Dokuchaev (Василий Васильевич Докучаев) ( 1840 – 1903 ) was a Russian Geographer who is credited with laying foundations of Soil Science . He worked on soil science, and developed a classification scheme describing five factors for soil formation. He arrived at his theory after extensive field studies on Russian soils in 1883 . His most famous work is ''Russian Chernozem'' (1883). Thanks to Dokuchayev's works a number of Russian soil terms are in the international soil science vocabulary ( Chernozem , Podsol , Gley , Solonets ). A Crater on Mars is named in his honor. QUOTE :''The scientific basis of soil science as a natural science was established by the classical works of Dokuchaev. Previously, soil had been considered a product of physicochemical transformations of rocks, a dead substrate from which plants derive nutritious mineral elements. Soil and bedrock were in fact equated. :''Dokuchaev considers the soil as a natural body having its own genesis and its own history of development, a body with complex and multiform processes taking place within it. The soil is considered as different from bedrock. The latter becomes soil under the influence of a series of soil-formation factors (climate, vegetation, country, relief and age). According to him, soil should be called the "daily" or outward horizons of rocks regardless of the type; they are changed naturally by the common effect of water, air and various kinds of living and dead organisms. REFERENCE Krasilnikov, N.A. (1958) Soil Microorganisms and Higher Plants. {Link without Title} |