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The Barbary Sheep (''Ammotragus lervia'', also called or ''Aoudad'' and ''arui'') is a Species of Caprinae ( Goat - Antelope ) found in Rock y Mountain s in North Africa . Six Subspecies have been described. Although it is rare in its native North Africa, it was introduced in South Europe and other places. DESCRIPTION Barbary Sheep stand 80 to 100 Cm (30 to 40 Inch es) tall at the shoulder and weigh 40 to 140 Kg (90 to 310 Lb ). Thery are a Sand y- Brown Color , darkening with age, with a slightly lighter underbelly and a darker line on the back. Upperparts and outer legs are uniform reddish-brown or grayish-brown. There is some shaggy Hair on the Throat (extending down to the chest in males) and a sparse " Mane ". Their Horn s have a Triangular Cross-section . The horns curve outwards, backwards then inwards, and reach up to 50 cm (20 inches). The horns are smooth but wrinkled at the base. SUBSPECIES The subspecies are classified mainly according to their distribution in North Africa:
HABITATS Barbary Sheep are found in Arid mountinous areas of the Sahara where they Graze and Browse all available plants -- Grass , Bushes , Lichen and Acacia . They obtain all their moisture from food, but if water is available they drink and wallow in it. Barbary Sheep are Crepuscular , active in the early Morning and late Afternoon , resting in the heat of the day. They are very agile and can jump over two metres from a stand-still. Barbary Sheep are usually solitary, and freese in the presence of danger. Their main Predators in North Africa are Leopard and Caracal . Barbary sheep are found in Mauritania , southern Algeria , northwest Chad and Sudan , and were introduced into southeastern Spain and southwestern United States (parts of Texas , New Mexico , California ) and Mexico . EXPANSION TO SOUTHERN EUROPE The species is currently expanding in the Southeast ern quarter of the Iberian Peninsula according to recent field Survey s (Cassinello et al., 2004). Aoudads have become common in a limited region of the south east of Spain since its introduction as a game species in Sierra Espuña Natural Park in 1970 . Its adaptability enabled it to colonise nearby areas quickly. Increasing number of Aoudads in Spanish private game estates were other centers of dispersion. Aoudads also were introduced in La Palma Island ( Canary Islands ), becoming a serious threat to Endemic Flora . Of great conservation concern is their potential as competitors against native Ungulate s inhabiting the peninsula. Surveys conducted in southern Spain documented rapid colonization of new areas and established viable populations, consisting of adult males and females and the unequivocal presence of nursery groups, in the provinces of Alicante , Almería , Granada and Murcia . Aoudads have also spread throughout the north and centre of La Palma. There are two main conservational concerns: the necessity to conduct detailed, reliable surveys in all potential regions where the species might expand, and the urgent need to change current game policies in order to establish reliable controls on big game estates to prevent animals from escaping. Link to a Spanish site on complete biological information about the Aoudad: http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/mamiferos/ammler.html NAMES The Binomial Name ''ammotragus lervia'' derives from the Greek ''ammos'' (sand, referring to the sand-coloured coat) and ''tragos'' (goat). ''Lervia'' derives from the wild sheep of northern Africa described as "Lerwee" by Rev. T. Shaw in his "Travels and Observations" about parts of Barbary and Levant . Aoudad (pronounced "aOO-dad" or "OW-dad") is the name for this sheep used by the Berbers , a North African Tribe . SEE ALSO {Link without Title} the Ultimate Ungulate entry on Barbary Sheep {Link without Title} Barbary Sheep in Texas REFERENCES Cassinello, J. (1998). ''Ammotragus lervia'': a review on systematics, biology, ecology and distribution. Annales Zoologici Fennici 35: 149-162 Cassinello, J.; Serrano, E.; Calabuig, G. & Pérez, J.M. (2004). Range expansion of an exotic ungulate (''Ammotragus lervia'') in southern Spain: ecological and conservation concerns. Biodiversity and Conservation 13: 851-866 Wacher, T., Baha El Din, S., Mikhail, G. & Baha El din, M. (2002). New observations of the ‘extinct’ Aoudad ''Ammotragus lervia ornata'' in Egypt. Oryx 36: 301–304. |