The application layer is the seventh level of the seven-layer OSI Model . It interfaces directly to and performs common application services for the application processes; it also issues requests to the Presentation Layer .
The common application layer services provide semantic conversion between associated application processes. Note: Examples of common application services of general interest include the Virtual File , Virtual Terminal , and Job Transfer and manipulation protocols.
Examples
- AppleShare, AppleShare
- AIM, AOL Instant Messenger Protocol
- APPC, Advanced Program-to-Program Communication
- BitTorrent
- BOOTP, Bootstrap Protocol
- CFDP, Coherent File Distribution] Protocol
- DCAP, Data Link Switching Client Access Protocol
- DHCP, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
- DNS, Domain Name System (Service) Protocol
- ENRP, Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol
- Finger, User Information Protocol
- FTAM, File Transfer Access and Management
- FTP, File Transfer Protocol
- Gopher, Gopher Protocol
- HTTP, S-HTTP, (Secure) HyperText Transfer Protocol
- H.323 , Packet-Based Multimedia Communications System
- IMAP, IMAP4, Internet Message Access Protocol (version 4)
- IRCP, Internet Relay Chat Protocol
- iTMS, ITunes Music Store Protocol
- LDAP, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
- LPD, Line Printer Daemon Protocol
- MIME (S-MIME), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions and Secure MIME
- Modbus
- NAT, Network Address Translation
- NIS, Network Information Service
- NNTP, Network News Transfer Protocol
- NTP, Network Time Protocol
- POP, POP3, Post Office Protocol (version 3)
- Rlogin , Remote Login in UNIX Systems
- RMON, Remote Monitoring MIBs (RMON1 and RMON2)
- RTSP, Real Time Streaming Protocol
- SAP, Session Announcement Protocol
- SDP, Session Description Protocol
- SIP, Session Initiation Protocol
- SLP, Service Location Protocol
- SMB, Server Message Block
- SMTP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
- SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
- SNTP, Simple Network Time Protocol
- SOAP, Simple Object Access Protocol
- TCAP, Transaction Capabilities Application Part
- TELNET , Terminal Emulation Protocol of TCP/IP
- TFTP, Trivial File Transfer Protocol
- TSP, Time Stamp Protocol
- URL, Uniform Resource Location
- VTP, Virtual Terminal Protocol
- X.400 , Message Handling Service Protocol
- X.500 , Directory Access Protocol (DAP)
- XMPP, Extensible Messaging And Presence Protocol
- Whois (and RWhois), Remote Directory Access Protocol
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