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His real name was Giovanni, Abbot of Stuma . He was a strong and early supporter of Frederick Barbarossa , and also supported Antipope Victor IV , who made him a Cardinal . He was named successor to Antipope Paschal III by a small number of Schism atic cardinals. Callixtus was primarily a bargaining chip of Frederick to pressure Alexander III , and he had only limited geographical support. He resided in Viterbo . Frederick, when it became politically expedient, after the Defeat Of Legnano , switched his backing to Alexander, in the 1177 Peace Of Venice , abjuring his position on 29 August , 1178 . Callixtus eventually accepted the situation, submitting to Alexander in August 1178. After this he was named rector of Benevento , where he died a few years later. There is also a pope with this name, Pope Callixtus III . |