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The Aegean Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea , located between the Greek peninsula and Anatolia . It is connected to the Marmara Sea and Black Sea by the Dardanelles and Bosporus . Etymology In ancient times there were various explanations for the name Aegean. It was said to have been named after the town of Aegae , or Aegea , a queen of the Amazons who died in the sea, or Aegeus , the father of Theseus , who drowned himself in the sea when he thought his son had died. The . A possible etymology is a derivation from the dialect word (aiges) "waves" ( Hesychius ; metaphorical use of (aix) "goat"), hence "wavy sea", cf. also (aigialos) "coast". History In ancient times the sea was the birthplace of two ancient civilizations - the Minoans of Crete , and the Mycenean Civilization of the Peloponnese . Later arose the city-states of Athens and Sparta among many others that constituted the Hellenic Civilization . The Aegean Sea was later inhabited by Persians , Romans , the Byzantine Empire , the Venetians , the Seljuk Turks , and the Ottoman Empire . The Aegean was the site of the original Democracies , and it allowed for contact between several diverse civilizations of the Eastern Mediterranean. Geography The ''). The bays in gulfs counterclockwise includes on Crete , the Mirabelli , Almyros , Souda and Chania bays or gulfs, on the mainland the Myrtoan Sea to the west, the Saronic Gulf northwestward, the Petalies Gulf which connects with the South Euboic Sea , the Pagasetic Gulf which connects with the North Euboic Sea , the Thermian Gulf northwestward, the Chalkidiki Peninsula including the Cassandra and the Singitic Gulf s, northward the Strymonian Gulf and the Gulf Of Kavala and the rest are in Turkey ; Saros Gulf , Edremit Gulf, Dikili Gulf, Çandarlı Gulf, İzmir Gulf, Kuşadası Gulf, Gökova Gulf, Güllük Gulf. Port towns The Aegean Sea has many ports especially on the islands, for ports, see the island chains or its gulfs and bays. See also |