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| align="center" colspan=2 | Years:
1841 1842 1843 - 1844 - 1845 1846 1847
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| align="center" colspan=2 | 1820s 1830s - 1840s ''' - 1850s 1860s 1870s
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| align="center" | - 19th Century ''' - 20th Century
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1844 was a Leap Year Starting On Monday (see link for calendar).
Events
- January 15 - University Of Notre Dame receives its charter from Indiana .
- February 27 - The Dominican Republic gains independence from Haiti .
- February 28 - A gun on USS ''Princeton'' explodes while the boat is on a Potomac River cruise, killing two United States Cabinet members and several others.
- March 8 - King Oscar I ascends to the throne of Sweden-Norway .
- April - The Fleet Prison for Debtors in London is abolished.
- May 23 - Persian Prophet The Báb announces His revelation, founding Bábism . He announced to the world of the coming of " He Whom God Shall Make Manifest ." He is considered the forerunner of Bahá'u'lláh , the founder of the Bahá'í Faith .
- May 24 - First Electrical Telegram sent by Samuel Morse from Baltimore, Maryland to Washington, D.C. , saying "What hath God wrought?".
- June 6 - George Williams founds the Young Men's Christian Association in London .
- June 15 - Charles Goodyear receives a Patent for Vulcanization , a process to strengthen Rubber .
- June 22 - Influential North American Fraternity Delta Kappa Epsilon is founded at Yale University .
- June 27 - Joseph Smith, Jr. is murdered with his brother Hyrum in Carthage Jail , Carthage, Illinois .
- July 3 - The last pair of Great Auk s are killed.
- August 8 - During a meeting held in Nauvoo , the Quorum Of Twelve , headed by Brigham Young , is created as the leading body of the Mormon Church .
- October 22 - Date predicted by the Millerites for the Second Coming of Jesus ; leads to the Great Disappointment .
- November - James K. Polk defeats Henry Clay in the U.S. Presidential Election
- 3 November - Debut of Giuseppe Verdi 's '' I Due Foscari '', at Teatro Argentina , Rome .
- November 6 - The Dominican Republic drafts its first Constitution .
Births
- February 17 - Aaron Montgomery Ward , American department store founder (d. 1913 )
- February 20 - Ludwig Boltzmann , Austrian physicist (d. 1906 )
- February 20 - Joshua Slocum , Canadian seaman and adventurer (d. 1909 )
- February 21 - Charles-Marie Widor , French organist and composer (d. 1937 )
- March 10 - Pablo De Sarasate , Spanish violinist (d. 1908 )
- March 18 - Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov , Russian composer (d. 1908 )
- March 25 - Adolf Engler , German botanist (d. 1930 )
- March 30 - Paul Verlaine , French poet (d. 1896 )
- April 16 - Anatole France , French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1924 )
- May 17 - Julius Wellhausen , German biblical scholar (d. 1918 )
- May 21 - Henri Rousseau , French artist (d. 1910 )
- May 22 - Mary Cassatt , American artist (d. 1926 )
- May 23 - `Abdu'l-Bahá , Persian religious leader (d. 1921 )
- June 3 - Garret A. Hobart , 24th Vice President Of The United States (d. 1899 )
- July 11 - King Peter I Of Serbia (d. 1921 )
- July 22 - William Archibald Spooner , British scholar and Anglican priest (d. 1930 )
- July 28 - Gerard Manley Hopkins , English poet (d. 1889 )
- August 6 - Prince Alfred Of The United Kingdom , Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (d. 1900 )
- August 17 - Menelik II , Emperor Of Ethiopia (d. 1913 )
- August 22 - George Washington DeLong , American naval officer and explorer (d. 1881 )
- August 23 - Hamilton Disston , American land developer (d. 1896 )
- August 29 - Edward Carpenter , English Socialist poet (d. 1929 )
- August 30 - Emily Ruete , princess of Zanzibar (d. 1924 )
- October 15 - Friedrich Nietzsche , German philosopher (d. 1900 )
- October 22 - Louis Riel , Canadian leader (d. 1885 )
- October 22 - Sarah Bernhardt , French actress (d. 1923 )
- October 23 - Robert Bridges , English poet (d. 1930 )
- October 27 - Klas Pontus Arnoldson , Swedish writer and pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1916 )
- November 2 - Mehmed V , Ottoman Sultan (d. 1918 )
- November 23 - Karl Benz , German automotive pioneer (d. 1929 )
- December 1 - Alexandra Of Denmark , queen of Edward VII Of England (d. 1925 )
- December 8 - Émile Reynaud , French science teacher and animation pioneer (d. 1918 )
- Abd Ar-Rahman Khan , Emir of Afghanistan (d. 1901 )
Deaths
- January 25 - Jean-Baptiste Drouet, Count D'Erlon , French marshal (b. 1765 )
- January 27 - Charles Nodier , French writer (b. 1780 )
- February 27 - Nicholas Biddle , president of the Second Bank of the United States (b. 1786 )
- March 8 - King Charles XIV John Of Sweden , Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, French Napoleonic general (b. 1763 )
- June 27 - Hyrum Smith , American religious leader (b. 1800 )
- June 27 - Joseph Smith, Jr. , American religious leader (b. 1805 )
- July 27 - John Dalton , English chemist and physicist (b. 1766 )
- July 28 - Joseph Bonaparte , brother of Napoleon I and King of Naples and Spain (b. 1768 )
- July 29 - Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart , Austrian composer (b. 1791 )
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