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| align="center" colspan=2 | Years:
1580 1581 1582 - 1583 - 1584 1585 1586
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| align="center" colspan=2 | 1560s 1570s - 1580s ''' - 1590s 1600s 1610s
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| align="center" | - 16th Century ''' - 17th Century
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1583 was a Common Year Starting On Saturday of the Gregorian Calendar or a Common Year Starting On Tuesday of the Julian Calendar .
Events
- July - Spanish Admiral Santa Cruz defeats the Portuguese , French , and English off Terceira .
- August 5 - Sir Humphrey Gilbert , in what is now the city of St John's, Newfoundland , claims the island of Newfoundland on behalf of England .
- August 19 - Petru Cercel enters Bucharest , and becomes Prince of Wallachia .
- Toyotomi Hideyoshi commences construction of Osaka Castle in Japan .
- King James VI of Scotland signs a charter creating the Tounis College - what is now the University Of Edinburgh . For some unknown reason, the charter was dated a year earlier, as 1582.
- First documented battle of India 's independence against an European colonial ruler was fought by the ''Desai''s of Cuncolim in Goa against the Portuguese .
- World's oldest, intact, still-surviving amusement park, Dyrehavsbakken was found.
Births
- January 8 - Simon Episcopius , Dutch theologian (died 1643 )
- March 3 - Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert Of Cherbury , English diplomat, poet, and philosopher (died 1648 )
- April 10 - Hugo Grotius , Dutch philosopher and writer (died 1645 )
- June 16 - Axel Oxenstierna , Lord High Chancellor of Sweden (died 1654 )
- June 20 - Jacob De La Gardie , Swedish soldier and statesman (d. 1652 )
- September 24 - Albrecht Von Wallenstein , Austrian general (d. 1634 )
- November 24 - Juan Martínez De Jáuregui Y Aguilar , Spanish poet (d. 1641 )
- December 17 - Robert Bertie, 1st Earl Of Lindsey , English adventurer and soldier (killed in battle) (d. 1642 )
- December 25 - Orlando Gibbons , English composer (d. 1625 )
- Johann Heinrich Alting , German divine (died 1644 )
- John Beaumont , English poet (died 1627 )
- Bonaventura Elzevir , Dutch printer (died 1652 )
- September - Girolamo Frescobaldi , Italian composer (died 1643 )
- Alexander Henderson , Scottish theologian (died 1646 )
- Dodo Knyphausen , German soldier (died 1636 )
- Stanislaw Lubomirski , Polish nobleman (died 1649 )
- Philip Massinger , English dramatist (died 1640 )
- Nzinga , warrior queen of Ndongo and Matamba (died 1663 )
- George Goring, 1st Earl Of Norwich , English soldier (died 1663 )
- John Pym , English politician (died 1643 )
- Aurelian Townsend , English poet (died 1643 )
- Hayashi Razan , Japanese neo-Confucianist scholar (d. 1657 )
''See also .''
Deaths
- January 12 - Fernando Álvarez De Toledo, Duke Of Alva , Spanish general and governor of the Spanish Netherlands (born 1508 )
- January 18 - Margaret Of Austria , regent of the Netherlands (b. 1622 )
- February 18 - Antonio Francesco Grazzini , Italian author (born 1503 )
- March 18 - King Magnus Of Livonia (b. 1540 )
- June 6 - Nakagawa Kiyohide , Japanese military commander (born 1556 )
- June 6 - Shibata Katsutoyo , Japanese military commander (born 1556 )
- June 9 - Thomas Radclyffe, 3rd Earl Of Sussex , Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland (born 1525 )
- July 1 - Sakuma Morimasa , Japanese samurai and warlord (beheaded)
- July 6 - Edmund Grindal , Archbishop Of Canterbury (born 1519 )
- November 11 - Gerald Fitzgerald, 15th Earl Of Desmond , Irish rebel
- November 24 - René De Birague , French cardinal and chancellor (b. 1506 )
- December 31 - Thomas Erastus , Swiss theologian (born 1524 )
- Fadrique Alvarez De Toledo, Duke Of Alva , Spanish army commander (born 1537 )
- Catherine Jagellonica Of Poland , queen of John II Of Sweden (born 1526 )
- Lucas David , Prussian historian (born 1503 )
- Ivan Fedorov , Russian printer
- Humphrey Gilbert , English explorer
- Shibata Katsuie , Japanese military commander
- Andrey Kurbsky , Russian writer (born 1528 )
- Oda Nobutaka , Japanese samurai
- Zacharius Ursinus , German theologian (born 1534 )
''See also .''
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