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HISTORY OF VIRGINIA GOLD MINING The earliest recording gold mining activity in Virginia began about 1804 as Placer Mining , followed quickly by Lode mining. Mining continued unabated until the onset of the California Gold Rush , at which point most serious speculators moved west. Production continued at a low level until the Civil War , when it virtually ground to a halt. Near the end of the war, Union troops began a systematic campaign to destroy the economic base of the South. Many gold mines were subsequently damaged beyond repair. Most were, by this time, marginal producers, their ores of such low concentrate as to stretch the limits of the Mercury Amalgam recovery technology of the day. Many of these mines never reopened. Other mines did, however, and gold production in Virginia continued until World War II , when, on October 8, 1942, the War Production Board issued Limitation Order L-208, which branded gold production as a non-essential and directed all but the smallest of gold mines to shut down so their labor force could be used elsewhere to support the war effort. Economic conditions following the war were such that few miners returned to mining, so only a handful of mines reopened. For all practical purposes, commercial gold production in Virginia ceased after 1948. At its peak, Virginia was the third largest gold producing state, and the heart of the gold production area was at the junction of Spotsylvania, Culpeper, and Orange counties near Wilderness. MODERN ERA Over 300 claims and mines are known to have existed in Virginia, yet very few, if any at all, are commercially active at this time. Amateur and hobby prospecting continues to this day, primarily consisting of individual or small scale placer operations. Many hobbyists simply use a gold pan or a small, gasoline powered sluice box. MUSEUMS AND DISPLAYS ABOUT GOLD MINING
LIST OF GOLD MINES, CLAIMS, AND PROSPECTS Since most commercial gold activity ceased in the late 1940's, records are scant. This list is not complete. Mines near Columbia, along the Goochland/Fluvanna County line
Mines near Dillwyn in Buckingham County
Mines in Spotsylvania County
(over twenty mines are known to have existing in Spotsylvania - info search underway) Mines in Orange County
Mines near Goldvein in Fauquier County
(approximately 17 other mines are known to have existed nearby - info search underway) Other mines, claims, and prospects
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