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The construction of the Taj Mahal began in 1632 and took 22 years. A group of architects were called from various countries of the world, which included the Ottoman Empire , India , Persia and Italy . Credit for the construction as the head of all architects is usually given with some uncertainty to Ustad Isa, who was either Turkish or Persian. He was accompanied by a Turkish architect, Isa Muhammad Effendi, a pupil of the greatest Turkish architect Sinan , who presumably drew the final plan of the building, a Venetian named Geronimo Veroneo, who played a major role in the planning stage of the construction and Amanat Khan Shirazi, a Persian, who was possibly in charge of the calligraphy, where verses from the Koran are carved onto the marble.