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Within Christianity, the doctrine of the Trinity states that God is a single being who exists, simultaneously and eternally, as a communion of three distinct persons, the Father, the Son and the Holy spirit. Both Jews and Muslims find this conception of God foreign to their scriptures and strongly disagree with it by regarding it as a blasphemous denial of monotheism. TRINITY IN THE QUR'AN There are many verses in the Qur'an relating to the divinity of Jesus (See Isa Not God ), however the word "Trinity" only appears in the Qur'an in verses and : :O People of the Book, commit no excesses in your religion; nor say of Allah anything but the truth. The Messiah Isa son of Mary was (no more than) a Messenger of Allah, and His Word, which He bestowed on Mary, and a Spirit proceeding from Him; so believe in Allah and His Messengers. Say not "Trinity": desist! It will be better for you: for Allah is One: Glory be to Him! (far exalted is He) above having a son. To Him belong all things in the heavens and on earth. And enough is Allah as a Disposer of affairs. (Qur'an ) :They do blaspheme who say: Allah is one of three in a Trinity: for there is no god except One Allah. If they desist not from their word (of blasphemy), verily a grievous penalty will befall the blasphemers among them. (Qur'an ) Was Mary the Third part of Trinity? Many non-Muslim scholars believe that the Qur'an has a different conception of the Trinity than that of traditional mainstream Christian doctrine. They believe that Muhammed believed the Christians made Mary the third person of the Trinity and hence the Qu'ran criticizes Adoptionism , Patripassionism and Mariolatry as polytheistic heresies. The following verses are claimed to allude to this idea: : And behold! God will say on the Day of Judgment : 'Oh Isa, the son of Mary! Did you say unto men, worship me and my mother as gods in derogation of God?... (Qur'an ) : … Say: "Who then hath the least power against Allah, if His will were to destroy Christ the son of Mary, his mother, and all every - one that is on the earth? For to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between. He creates what He pleases. For Allah hath power over all things." (Qur'an ) :Christ the son of Mary was no more than an apostle; many were the apostles that passed away before him. His mother was a woman of truth. They had both to eat their (daily) food. See how Allah doth make His signs clear to them; yet see in what ways they are deluded away from the truth! (Qur'an ) Muslims reject the interpretation according to which the Qur'an is said to assert that Mary is part of the Trinity. It is claim that the Catholic and Orthodox Churches have carved or molten images or statues of Jesus Christ and his mother Mary placed in the prominent places of the Prayer Halls. It is pointed out that the majority of the attending congregates would kneel, worship, venerate and pray before these Holy Images as their rituals and inherited traditions. The holy spirit, on the other hand, comes up quite rarely compared to the father and the son in the prayers. There are different theories among those scholars who believe Muhammad considered Mary the third person of Trinity, something which has never been a mainstream or widespread doctrine among Christian or quasi-Christian groups at any period of history. Emphasis has been laid on the theory that Muhammad has been influenced by an obscure minor early Christian heretical group, the Collyridians . According to the Panarion or "Medicine-chest against Heresies" of Epiphanius of Salamis (written ca. 375), certain women in Arabia worshipped Mary mother of Jesus and offered little cakes or bread-rolls to her. Little else is known. Muslim scholars point out that there is no evidence that Collyridianism still existed in the 6th or 7th centuries C.E., when Muhammad lived. Another theory is proposed by Voltz saying that this teaching was mentioned in Apocryphal letters and gospels like the Gospel Of The Hebrews , the Acts Of Thomas and was believed by the Valentinians and the Ophites . Christian Influence upon Islam, Henry Preserved Smith, ''The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures'', Vol. 42, No. 4. (Jul., 1926), pp. 278-279 Most translations of surah 5:73 read that God cannot be one of three. However the christian understanding of Trinity is that God is one but at the same a communion of three distinct persons. The Christians do not believe that God is a part of Trinity, but that God ''is'' the Trinity. God the Father is however considered as a part of the Trinity. The accepted word for the Christian Trinity among Arabic-speaking Christians (''thālūth'' ثالوث) is not found in the Qur'an. RESEMBLANCES OF TRINITY Polytheistic or pagan religions sometimes have a pantheon where three gods are rather important. Also philosophers have come up with ideas that distantly resemble the Trinity . Some examples include:
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