- Thomson SA , formerly known as Thomson Multimedia, a French electronics manufacturer and media services provider.
- Thomson-CSF , former name for the company Thales Group
- The Thomson Corporation , a large worldwide US-based publisher of books, educational materials, and legal, scientific, and health information.
- Thomson Effect , named for William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin , which is the heating or cooling of a current-carrying conductor when a temperature gradient is present
- Various businesses of TUI AG :
- --- Thomson Holidays , a UK based travel company founded by the Thomson Corporation in 1965. Now a subsidiary of TUI UK.
- --- Thomsonfly , a UK airline, part of TUI AG, formerly Britannia Airways .
- Thomson is a city in Georgia (U.S. State)
- Thomson River, Queensland
- Thomson , an estate in Singapore .
The name Thomson ultimately comes from the Aramaic Language , through Thomas which is from the Aramaic ''teoma'' meaning 'twin'.
Several notable people have borne the names or '''Thompson''', including:
- Charles Thompson :
- --- Charles Peck Thompson (1843-1927), Pony Express rider
- --- Charles W. Thompson (1860-1904), US congressman from Alabama
- --- Charles James Thompson (1862-1932), US Congressman from Ohio
- --- Charles Hubbard Thompson (1891-1964), American ragtime musician
- --- Charles Thompson (Jazz) (b. 1918), American swing musician also known as "Sir Charles"
- --- Charles S. Thompson , Hollywood art designer
- --- Chuck Thompson (1921–2005), American sportscaster
- --- ''Charles Thompson IV'', the birthname of musician Frank Black of the Pixies
- --- Charles Thomson , secretary of the Continental Congress
- --- Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham (1799-1841), the first Governor of the united Province of Canada
- --- Charles Wyville Thomson (1830 - 1882), professor of zoology and chief scientist on the Challenger expedition
- --- Charles Thomson (artist) , (b. 1953), British artist, painter and poet
- Cyndi Thomson , an American Country Music singer from the early 2000s
- David Thomson , anglo-american writer and film critic
- Earl Thomson (1895-1971), Canadian Olympic athlete
- Edward Thomson , a Bishop in the Methodist Episcopal Church
- Elihu Thomson (1853-1937), English engineer, founder of what became the French firm Thomson SA
- George Thomson (1757–1821), Scottish music collector and a friend of Robert Burns
- George Paget Thomson (1892-1975), English Physicist who worked on the wave nature of the Electron
- J. M. Archer Thomson (1863-1913) British rock-climber and mountaineer
- James Thomson :
- --- James Thomson (Seasons) (1700–1748), poet of the eighteenth century, author of ''The Seasons''
- --- James Thomson (B.V.) (1834-1882), poet of the nineteenth century, author of ''The City of Dreadful Night''
- --- James Thomson (cell Biologist) , stem cell researcher
- --- James Thomson (Pittsburgh Mayor) , 19th century political figure
- --- ''James Thomson'', brother of William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
- John Thomson :
- --- John Edgar Thomson (1808–1874), American civil engineer, railroad executive and industrialist
- --- John Thomson (actor) (b. 1969), a British actor and impressionist
- --- John Thomson (pitcher) (b. 1973), American baseball player
- --- John Thomson (footballer) (1909-1931), former Celtic F.C. footballer
- --- John Thomson (politician) (1780-1852), US Congressman from Ohio
- --- John Thomson (photographer) , a nineteenth century Scottish photographer
- --- John Thomson (Australian Politician)
- --- John Thomson (RAF) , one of the senior officers of the Royal Air Force
- --- John Thomson (engineer) surveyed the Leiper Railroad and father of John Edgar Thomson (above)
- --- John Thomson (physician) (1808-1884), a physician in New Brunswick, Canada
- ---Rev. John Thomson (minister) , minister in Sutherland, Scotland who was responsible for recording the works of the poet Rob Donn
- --- John Renshaw Thomson (1800-1862), US Senator from New Jersey
- Sir Joseph John Thomson (J. J. Thomson, 1856–1940), English Physicist who discovered the Electron
- Kenneth Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson Of Fleet (b. 1923)
- Robert Thomson (1822-1873), Scottish inventor
- Robert Thomson , Australia n journalist
- Roy Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson Of Fleet (1894-1976), Canadian newspaper and media entrepreneur, linked to The Thomson Corporation
- Roy Hendry Thomson , an eminent Aberdonian
- Tom Thomson (1877–1917), Canadian artist
- Tracey Thomson (b. 1982) New Zealander
- Vernon Wallace Thomson (1905-1988), American politician
- Virgil Thomson (1896-1989), American composer
- William Thomson:
- --- William Thomson (1819-1890), former Archbishop Of York
- --- William Thomson (1824-1907), 1st Baron Kelvin , Irish physicist
- --- William John Thomson , Scottish Portrait Miniature Artist .
- ---Sir William Thomson Solicitor General For England And Wales 1717-1720
- --- William Thomson , Scottish Folk Song collector
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