| Thich Nhat Hanh |
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BIOGRAPHY Thich Nhat Hanh was born Nguyen Xuan Bao in central Buddhism and ideas from Western psychology to form his approach to modern Zen practice. Thich Nhat Hanh has become an important influence in the development of a western Zen. In 1956 he was named Editor-in-Chief of ''Vietnamese Buddhism'', the periodical of the All Vietnam Buddhist Association. In following years he founded La Boi Press, Van Hanh Buddhist University in Saigon, and the "School of Youth for Social Service," a corps of Buddhist peaceworkers aiding peasants who were caught between warring groups in Vietnam. In 1960, Thich Nhat Hanh came to the U.S. to study Comparative Religion at Princeton University , and he was subsequently appointed lecturer in Buddhism at Columbia University . By then, he had gained strong proficiency in French , Chinese , Sanskrit , Pali , Japanese , and English , apart from his native Vietnamese. In 1963 he returned to Vietnam to aid his fellow monks in their non-violent peace efforts. On May 1st, 1966 at Tu Hieu Temple Thich Nhat Hanh received Dharma transmission, permission to teach as a Zen master, from his teacher, Zen Master Chan That {Link without Title} . Ten days later Thich Nhat Hanh returned to the US to lead a symposium in Vietnamese Buddhism at Cornell University and to continue his work for peace. The Unified Buddhist Church was established by Thich Nhat Hanh and others in Vietnam in the 1960's and in the United States in 1997. The Unified Buddhist Church is the legally recognized governance body for Plum Village in France; for Maple Forest Monastery and Green Mountain Dharma Center in Vermont; and, since March, 1999, for the Community of Mindful Living, Parallax Press, and Deer Park Monastery in California. {Link without Title} When Thich Nhat Hanh called for a unilateral ceasefire the South Vietnamese government made it clear that he would not be allowed to return home. Subsequently he was granted asylum in France. For his Pacifist activism during the Vietnam War , Thich Nhat Hanh was nominated by Martin Luther King, Jr. for the 1967 Nobel Peace Prize . In his nomination Rev. King said, "I do not personally know of anyone more worthy of prize than this gentle monk from Vietnam. His ideas for peace, if applied, would build a monument to ecumenism, to world brotherhood, to humanity." (Despite King's high praise, the committee decided not to make an award that year. King's revelation of his nomination was a violation of tradition and the explicit "strong request" of the prize committee.) In 1982 he founded Plum Village Buddhist Center, a Meditation Community in the Dordogne in the south of France. As of 2005 he heads a monastic and lay group, the Order Of Inter-Being , teaching the Five and Fourteen Mindfulness Trainings and " Engaged Buddhism ." Thich Nhat Hanh and the Order of Interbeing have also established monasteries and Dharma centers in the United States at Deer Park Monastery in Escondido, California , Maple Forest Monastery , and Green Mountain Dharma Center , both in Vermont , and Magnolia Village Practice Center in Mississippi. There are two monasteries in Vietnam, at the original Tu Hieu Temple near Hue and at Prajna Temple in the central highlands. Additionally, there are numerous local Sangha s or Mindfulness Practice Groups of the Community Of Mindful Living around the world where laypersons meet for meditation, Dharma Talk s, and Days of Mindfulness. Plum Village, Deer Park, and Maple Forest/Green Mountain are open to lay people during much of the year and thus provide on-going, continuous retreats for lay people. The monasteries also hold focused retreats for groups of lay people, such as families, teen agers, and professional and scientific interest groups. NAMES APPLIED TO HIM The implying that their first family is the Buddhist community. Neither ''Nhất'' nor ''Hạnh'' — which approximate the roles of follow this naming convention, placing the family or surname first, then the middle or intercalary name which often refers to the person's position in the family or generation, followed by the given name. {Link without Title} Thích Nhất Hạnh is often referred to as "Thầy" ("master; teacher") or Thầy Nhất Hạnh by his followers. Any Vietnamese monk or nun can be referred to and are often addressed as "Thầy" or "Thầy tu" ("priest; monk"). SEE ALSO SELECTED WORKS
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