Information AboutSyrmia |
|
within Croatia.]] Syrmia ( in Europe , between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is now divided between Serbia And Montenegro in the east and Croatia in the west. Most of Syrmia is located in the Srem and South Bačka districts of Serbia 's northern Autonomous Province of Vojvodina . A small part of the region around Novi Beograd , Zemun , and Surčin is a part of Central Serbia . The westernmost part lies in eastern Croatia , in the Vukovar-Srijem County . NAMES OF THE REGION Other names for the region include: HISTORY Throughout its history, Syrmia has been a part of the Roman Empire , Hun Empire , Avar Khaganate , the Gepid Kingdom , Byzantium , Bulgaria , the Kingdom Of Hungary , the Ottoman Empire , the Habsburg Monarchy , Austria-Hungary , the Kingdom Of Serbs, Croats And Slovenes , Yugoslavia , and finally Serbia And Montenegro and Croatia . The name Syrmia derives from the name of the ancient city of Sirmium , today Sremska Mitrovica . Sirmium originally was an Illyrian town conquered by Romans in the 1st Century BC . Opposing Roman rule, Illyrian tribes from the region started uprising in AD 6 lead by Baton and Pines . (249-251), Aurelian (270-275), Probus (276-282), Maximianus Herculius (285-310), Constantius II (337-361) and Gratian (367-383). These emperors were mostly Romanised Illyrians by origin. The Roman province Pannonia Secunda , which included Syrmia and parts of present day Slavonia and Bosnia was administered from Sirmium. Pannonia, a province of the Byzantine Empire , existed in Syrmia in the 6th Century and capital city of this province was Sirmium. In the 7th century, the ruler of Syrmia was Kuber , a Bulgar leader, who ruled over the region as Avar vassal. In the beginning of the 9th century, Syrmia was for the short time part of state of Ljudevit Posavski (Pannonia), and after the Frankish conquest of the region, Bulgarians conquered its eastern part. The mountain Fruška Gora got its name after the old Serbo-Croatian name for Frankish people - Fruzi (Frug=Frank, Fruzi=Franks, fruški=Frankish). , a duke of Syrmia.]] In the 11th Century , the ruler of Syrmia was duke Sermon , vassal of Bulgarian emperor Samuil . Sermon produced his own golden coins in present day Sremska Mitrovica. After Bulgarians were defeated by Byzantine Empire, Sermon was captured and killed, because he refused to comply with new authorities. After the defeat of Sermon, the area was included into the Byzantine Empire, and the new duke who ruled over the region was Diogenes . The Thema of Sirmium was a province of the Byzantine Empire in the 11th Century . This province included both, the region of Syrmia and the present day region of Mačva , thus the name of Syrmia became designation for the both regions. The region was captured by the Kingdom of Hungary in the 12th century. It is recorded that in 1231, a duke of Syrmia was Giletus . During the 13th century, the territory of Syrmia was divided into two counties: Syrmia in the east and Vukovar in the west. Between ). Kingdom of Syrmia under the rule of Stefan Dragutin existed in Lower Syrmia, while another local ruler, Ugrin Čak , ruled over Upper Syrmia and Slavonia from Ilok . At first, Stefan Dragutin was a vassal of the Hungarian king, but since the central power in the Kingdom of Hungary collapsed, both, Stefan Dragutin and Ugrin Čak were de facto independent rulers. Stefan Dragutin died in 1316, and was succeeded by his son, King Stefan Vladislav II ( 1316 - 1325 ), while Ugrin Čak died in 1311 . Stefan Vladislav II was defeated by the king of Serbia, Stefan Uroš III Dečanski , in 1324, and after this, Lower Syrmia became a subject of dispute between the Kingdom of Serbia and the Kingdom of Hungary. The Upper Syrmia was, after 1311, included into the possession of the Hungarian king, while its western part (the Vukovar county) was later included into Banovina of Slavonia . After the (1471-1485), Đorđe Branković (1486-1496), Jovan Branković (1496-1502), Ivaniš Berislavić (1504-1514), and Stefan Berislavić (1520-1535). The last of the Serbian despots in Syrmia, Stevan Berislav, moved in 1522 to Slavonia, since Kupinik was seized by the Ottoman forces. Another important local ruler was Lovro Iločki , a duke of Syrmia (1477-1524), who ruled over parts of the region from Ilok . Parts of the region were captured by the Ottomans in 1521, and by 1538, the entire region was included into the Ottoman Empire. Between 1527 and 1530, a duke of Syrmia was Radoslav Čelnik , who ruled over this region as Ottoman vassal. During the Ottoman rule, an administrative unit known as the Sanjak of Syrmia existed in this region. in 1848, including most of Syrmia.]] The (46.8%), Croats (45.7%), Hungarians (6.8%), and Germans (0.7%). The southern parts of Syrmia remained part of the Military Frontier. In 1848 and 1849 , most of Syrmia was part of the Serbian Voivodship , a Serb autonomous region within the Austrian Empire, while between 1849 and 1860 , its northern part was part of the Voivodship Of Serbia And Tamiš Banat , a separate Austrian crown land. After 1860 the County Of Syrmia was established again, and it was again incorporated into the Kingdom Of Slavonia , which was a separate Austrian crown land in that time. The Kingdom of Slavonia was incorporated into the Kingdom of Hungary in 1868 , and it became part of Croatia-Slavonia , an autonomous region within the Kingdom Of Hungary . within Croatia-Slavonia in 1881.]] On October 29 , 1918 , Syrmia became a part of the newly independent State Of Slovenes, Croats And Serbs , while on November 24 , the Assembly of Syrmia proclaimed the union of Syrmia with the Kingdom of Serbia . From December 1 , 1918, it was a part of the Kingdom Of Serbs, Croats And Slovenes . The region was first a county of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes between 1918 and 1922 , then a province ( Oblast ) of the Kingdom between 1922 and 1929 , and in 1929 it was divided between Danube Banovina and Sava Banovina , which were provinces of the Kingdom Of Yugoslavia . In 1939, the western part of Syrmia was included into the newly formed Banovina Of Croatia . In 1941 Syrmia was occupied by the World War II Axis Powers and its entire territory was attached to the Independent State Of Croatia . Pre-World War II state frontiers were restored in 1945 and, since then, Eastern Syrmia (formerly part of Danube Banovina), together with Bačka and Banat , has been part of the Serbia n Autonomous Province of Vojvodina , while Western Syrmia (formerly part of Sava Banovina) has been part of Croatia . When Croatia declared its independence in 1991 , Serbs who lived in the Croatian part of Syrmia proclaimed their autonomous region over portions of western Syrmia. The region was known as the Serbian Autonomous Region of Eastern Slavonia, Baranja And Western Syrmia . This region was one of the two Serbian autonomous regions that formed the secessionist " Republic Of Serbian Krajina " in 1991. After the western part of "Krajina" was in 1995 recaptured by the Croatian forces, the region was turned over to the UNTAES , and was peacefully reintegrated into Croatia by January 1998. These events were part of Croatian Homeland War , which is also known as War in Croatia or Croatian conflict. ETHNIC GROUPS According to the (84.58%), Croats , Slovaks , Rusyns , Hungarians , etc. According to the (78.27%), Serbs (15.45%), Hungarians (1%), Rusyns , Slovaks , etc.http://www.dzs.hr/Hrv/Popis%202001/popis20001.htm GEOGRAPHY Borders The present international border was drawn in 1945 by the ''Đilas commission'', as the divide between the Yugoslav constituent republic of Croatia and the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina , itself part of Serbia , within Yugoslavia . Milovan Đilas , a Montenegrin and then a confidante of Tito , drew the border according to demographic criteria, which explains why the Croatian town of Ilok on the Danube , with a Croat majority, lies east of Šid in Serbia, with a Serb majority. Nonetheless, the border drawn in 1945 was very similar to internal Kingdom Of Yugoslavia border of 1929 - 1939 between the Danube Banovina and the Sava Banovina . There are two particularly isolated chunks of territory along the border - one is the Croatian territory of Ilok , which is mostly surrounded by Serbian territory from land, while the other is the Serbian territory of Jamena , which is mostly surrounded by Croatian territory from land. Bordering regions
Cities in Syrmia
Petrovaradin, Sremska Kamenica, Sremski Karlovci and Beočin are geographically located in Syrmia, but they are part of South Bačka District . Mountains The region's principal mountain is Fruška Gora . GALLERY |
Image:Citadel Novi Sadjpg
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Petrovaradin" class="copylinks">Petrovaradin fortress |
|
Image:Jezero01jpg
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Lake_of_Ledinci" class="copylinks">Lake Of Ledinci |
|
Image:Vukovar Main StreetJPG
| "http://wwwinformationdelightinfo/encyclopedia/entry/Vukovar" class="copylinks">Vukovar |
|
|
|