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]] HISTORY The effect is named after Johannes Stark , who discovered it in 1913 . It was independently discovered in the same year by the Italian physicist Antonino Lo Surdo , and is thus sometimes called the Stark-Lo Surdo effect. Earlier, unsuccessful, attempts to compute the magnitude of the effect, and to discover the perturbation, had been made by Voigt in 1899 . In 1916 , Epstein and Schwarzschild were able to perform computations using the Bohr Model Of The Atom to exactly fit the magnitude of the Stark effect in Hydrogen . In 1920 , Kramers was able to perform calculations within the Bohr model to estimate the relative intensities of the lines in the line pattern. While first-order perturbation effects for the Stark effect in hydrogen are in agreement for the Bohr model and the Quantum-mechanical theory of the atom, higher order effects are not. Measurements of the Stark effect under high field strengths confirmed the correctness of the quantum theory over the Bohr model. MECHANISM The effect arises because of the interaction between the Electric Dipole Moment of an electron with an external Electric Field . If the electric field is uniform over the length scale of the atom, then the perturbing Hamiltonian is of the form ::. |
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