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The Shawnee, or ''Shawano'', are a people Native to North America . They originally inhabited the areas of Ohio , Kentucky , and Pennsylvania . HISTORY Origins It is suspected that the Shawnee, like other Algonquian speaking tribes, originated from the area around Lake Winnipeg and were one of the first tribes to move South. Supposedly this migration was parallel to the one of the Delaware and Nanticoke during the 13th Century . Eventually the Shawnee people settled into the area that is now known as their Homeland -- southern Ohio and northern Kentucky . The White Colonization During the French And Iroquois Wars of the 1660s , the Iroquois drove the Shawnee south and west into areas of southern Illinois and Indiana , the Tennessee River basin, and even as far south as North Carolina . Due to the pressure of the surrounding tribes most of the Shawnee bands returned to their original Ohio homeland by 1750 . After the Battle Of The Monongahela in 1755 , the Shawnee fought with the French during the early years of the French And Indian War until they signed the Treaty Of Easton in 1758 . When the French were defeated in 1763 the Shawnee joined Pontiac’s Rebellion against the British, which failed a year later. The Shawnee people continued to fight against white settlers that entered, without authorization by their own government attacked Pequea (near present Springfield, Ohio {Link without Title} . In 1782 the Ohio Shawnee fought with the British and other Native American tribes from the Ohio valley at the Battle Of Blue Licks , and defeated an American force under the command of John Todd . In the Northwest Indian War ('' Little Turtle 's War'') between the United States and a Confederation of Native American tribes, the Shawnee combined with the Miamis into a great fighting force. After the Battle Of Fallen Timbers in 1794 , most of the Shawnee bands signed the Treaty Of Greenville a year later, in which large parts of their homeland were turned over to the United States . Other Shawnee groups rejected this treaty and joined their brothers and sisters in Missouri and settled near Cape Girardeau . By 1800 only the Chillicothe and Mequachake tribes remained in Ohio while the Hathawekela, Kispokotha, and Piqua had migrated to Missouri. From 1805 on many Shawnees joined the pan-tribal movement of Tecumseh and his brother Tenskwatawa , which led to Tecumseh's War and his death in 1812 . This was the last attempt (in vain) of the Shawnee nation to fight off the white man. After the War Several hundred Missouri Shawnee left the United States in 1815 together with some Delaware people and settled in Texas , which was at that time controlled by Spain . This tribe became known as the ''Absentee Shawnee''; they were once again expelled in 1839 after Texas had gained its indepedence three years earlier. These people settled in Oklahoma , close to present-day Shawnee and were joined in 1845 by Shawnee from Kansas that shared their traditionalist views and beliefs. In 1817 the Ohio Shawnee signed the Treaty Of Fort Meigs , ceding their remaining lands in exchange for three reservations in Wapaughkonetta , Hog Creek (near Ada ) and Lewistown (here together with the Seneca ). Missouri joined the Union in 1821 and after the Treaty Of St. Louis in 1825 the 1,400 Missouri Shawnees were forcibly relocated from Cape Girardeau (boot heel) to southeastern Kansas , close to the Neosho River . During 1833 , only the Black Bob's band of Shawnee resisted. They settled in northeastern Kansas near Olathe and along the Kaw River near Shawnee, Kansas . About 200 of the Ohio Shawnee followed the Prophet Tenskwatawa and joined their Kansas brothers and sisters in 1826 , but the main body followed Black Hoof , who fought every effort to give up the Ohio homeland. In 1831 the Lewistown group of Seneca-Shawnee left for the Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma). After the death of Black Hoof the remaining 400 Ohio Shawnee in Wapaughkonetta and Hog Creek surrendered their land and moved to the Shawnee Reserve in Kansas. During the American Civil War the Black Bob's band fled from Kansas and joined the ''Absentee Shawnee'' in Oklahoma to escape the war. After the Civil War the Shawnee in Kansas were once again dispeled and moved to Oklahoma-- whereupon the Shawnee part of the former Lewistown group became known as the ''Eastern Shawnee'' and the former Missouri Shawnee became known as the ''Loyal Shawnee'' (due to their allegiance with the Union during the war). The latter group was regarded as part of the Cherokee nation by the United States because they were also known as the ''Cherokee Shawnee''. Today the largest part of the Shawnee Nation still resides in Oklahoma. TRIBES Originally the Shawnees consisted of five tribes:
Due to the wars with the United States during the 18th and 19th century this division changed. Today there are three Federally recognized tribes.
There is also a Shawnee tribe called near Zanesfield, Ohio . SHAWNEES TODAY There are presently about 14,000 Shawnee, most in Oklahoma, although some are scattered throughout Alabama ; at least four bands of Shawnee (the Old Town Band, the '''Blue Creek Band''', the '''Piqua Sept of Ohio Shawnee''' and the '''Shawnee Nation, United Remnant Band''') reside in Ohio. VILLAGES AND PLACES Though considered a migratory culture, the Shawnee had villages scattered from Illinois to New York and as far south as Georgia . These villages included: LANGUAGE ''For the main article, see Shawnee Language '' The Shawnee language is part of the Algonquian family and is closely related to Mesquakie - Sauk ( Sac And Fox ) and Kickapoo . FAMOUS SHAWNEE INDIVIDUALS
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