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The Shah of Iran was the Hereditary ruler of the Iranian monarchy, though the phrase, when used by Westerners today, generally refers to Mohammad Reza Pahlavi , the last Shah . According to royal Order Of Precedence , the Shah was equal in status to an Emperor . For most of its existence the Iranian monarchy had been an Absolute Monarchy , although there were attempts to reform it into a Constitutional Monarchy in the early 20th Century and following World War II . The modern Iranian monarchy was established in 1501 after the Safavid Dynasty came to power under Shah Ismail I , and ended the so-called "fourth era" of political fragmentation. The monarchy was abolished in 1979 when a revolution led by Ayatollah Khomeini pressured Mohammad Reza Pahlavi into exile, and established an Islamic Republic in its place. For a list of monarchs ruling Iran, see List Of Kings Of Persia . EXTERNAL LINKS |
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