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''Scientific American'' is a Popular-science Magazine , published monthly since August 28 , 1845 , making it the oldest continuously published magazine in the United States . It brings articles about new and innovative research to the amateur and lay audience. ''Scientific American'' (informally abbreviated to "''SciAm''") roughly has a monthly circulation of 555,000 US and 90,000 international as of December 2005.1 Though a well-respected magazine, it is not a Peer-reviewed Scientific Journal in the sense of '' Nature '' or '' Communications Of The ACM ''; rather, it is a forum where scientific theories and discoveries are explained to a wider audience. In the past this target audience was other scientists in unrelated fields, but it is now well-educated professionals interested in science issues. HISTORY The magazine was founded by Rufus Porter as a single-page newsletter, and throughout its early years ''Scientific American'' put much emphasis on reports of what was going on at the US Patent Office . It reported on a broad range of inventions that includes Perpetual Motion machines, an 1849 device for buoying vessels by one Abraham Lincoln , and the Universal Joint which now finds place in nearly every Automobile manufactured. Any issue from the 19th Century gives a fascinating insight into the progress of the Industrial Revolution in that time. Current issues feature a "this date in history" section, featuring an article originally published 50, 100, and 150 years ago—where often-humorous, un-scientific, or otherwise noteworthy gems of science history are featured. Porter sold the newsletter in 1846 to Alfred Ely Beach and Orson Desaix Munn, and until 1948 it remained owned by Munn & Company. Under the second Orson D. Munn, grandson of the first, it had evolved into something of a "workbench" publication, similar to the 20th century incarnation of '' Popular Science ''. On purchasing control from Munn, publisher Gerard Piel , editor Dennis Flanagan , and general manager Donald H. Miller, Jr. created substantially the Scientific American magazine we know today. Miller retired in 1979, Flanagan by 1984 when Gerard Piel's son Jonathan became president and editor; circulation had grown fifteen-fold since 1948. In 1986 it was sold to the Holtzbrinck group of Germany, who have owned it since. Donald Miller died in December, 1998,2 Gerard Piel in September 2004 and Dennis Flanagan in January 2005. FIRST ISSUE It originally styled itself "The Advocate of Industry and Enterprise" and "Journal of Mechanical and other Improvements". On the front page of the first issue was the engraving of "Improved Rail-Road Cars". The masthead had a commentary as follows:
The commentary under the illustration gives the flavour of its style at the time:
Also in the first issue is commentary on Signor Muzio Muzzi 's proposed device for aerial navigation. OTHER ''Scientific American'' published an Encyclopedia called '' The Americana '' in the early 1900s . Notable achievements and features have included:
''Scientific American'' also produces a TV program on the PBS channel called '' Scientific American Frontiers ''. SEE ALSO
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