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  IATA AMS
  ICAO EHAM
  Type Civil
  Run By Schiphol Group
  Opened
  Closest Town Amsterdam
  Distance From Town
  Elevation Ft -11
  Elevation M -3


  Runway Angle 18R/36L
  Runway Length F 12,467
  Runway Length M 3,800
  Runway Surface Asphalt


  Runway Angle 06/24
  Runway Length F 11,483
  Runway Length M 3,500
  Runway Surface Asphalt


  Runway Angle 09/27
  Runway Length F 11,329
  Runway Length M 3,453
  Runway Surface Asphalt


  Runway Angle 18L/36R
  Runway Length F 11,155
  Runway Length M 3,400
  Runway Surface Asphalt


  Runway Angle 18C/36C
  Runway Length F 10,826
  Runway Length M 3,300
  Runway Surface Asphalt


  Runway Angle 04/22
  Runway Length F 6,608
  Runway Length M 2,014
  Runway Surface Asphalt


Schiphol ( Municipality Haarlemmermeer ) is the Netherlands ' main Airport . Located south of Amsterdam (), Schiphol aims to be a European mainport, competing in passenger and cargo throughput with Heathrow International Airport in London, UK , Frankfurt International Airport in Frankfurt Am Main, Germany and Charles De Gaulle International Airport in Roissy, France .

In 2004, Schiphol ranked fourth in Europe in terms of passenger traffic with 42,541,000 passengers, behind London Heathrow (67,344,000), Paris Charles de Gaulle (51,260,000) and Frankfurt International Airport (51,098,000).

Schiphol has 5 main Runway s, plus 1 used mainly by General Aviation aircraft. The "fifth runway" (really the sixth) was completed in 2003 . Plans have already been made for a seventh runway.

The airport is built as one large terminal split into three large departure halls, the most recent having been completed in 1994 , which converge again once airside. There are plans for further terminal expansion.

Because of the intense traffic and high landing and parking fees at Schiphol, more and more holiday-carriers have moved some of their flights to smaller airports, such as Groningen , Rotterdam , Eindhoven and Maastricht .

Schiphol is the home base of KLM (Royal Dutch Airlines), Martinair and Transavia , and a hub for Northwest Airlines .

Schiphol has large Shopping Areas as a source of revenue and as an additional attractant to air-carrier passengers. Schiphol Plaza is the shopping centre before customs, hence not only for air travellers, but also for people who just change train here, etc. There is a regular-size Supermarket , Food Village, that is open until midnight seven days a week.

Schiphol is the world's lowest major commercial airport. The Schiphol ATC tower, with a height of 101 M , was the tallest in the world when constructed in 1991 . Its base is actually 5 m below Sea Level .


RAILWAY

The Dutch Railways operate a major passenger Train Station directly underneath the passenger terminal complex, see Schiphol (railway Station) .


HISTORY

Schiphol started early last century as a military airbase, consisting only of a few barracks and a mudpool serving as platform/runways. When civil aircraft started to make use of the field, it was often called ''Schiphol-les-bains''. The Fokker aircraft manufacturer started a factory near Schiphol airport in 1951 .

Schiphol's name means "ship hole". It is part of the Haarlemmermeer polder, which before around 1850 was a large lake. The name originally meant a part of that lake: '''t Schiphol'' in old maps of the area.


Accidents

  • November 14 , 1946 - A Douglas C-47 operated by KLM coming from London approached Schiphol during bad weather conditions. The first two attempts to land failed. During the third the pilot realised that the airplane wasn't lined up properly with the runway. A sharp left turn was made at low speed, causing the left wing to hit the ground. The airplane crashed and caught fire, killing all 26 people on board, including the plane's crew of five.


  • October 4 , 1992 - El Al Flight 1862 , a Boeing 747 cargo airplane heading to Tel Aviv , suffered from physical engine separation of both right-wing engines (#3 and #4) just after taking off from Schiphol and crashed into an apartment building in the Bijlmer neighbourhood of Amsterdam while attempting to return to the airport. A total of 43 people were killed, including the plane's crew of three and an unidentified "nonrevenue passenger". Many more were injured.


  • April 4 , 1994 - Flight KL433 to Cardiff , a Saab 340 operated by KLM Cityhopper , returned to Schiphol after setting the number two engine to flight idle because the crew mistakenly believed that the engine suffered from low oil pressure, this because of a faulty warning light. On final approach at a height of 90 feet, the captain decided to Go-around and gave full trottle, however only on the number one engine leaving the other in flight idle. Because of this, the airplane rolled to the right, pitched up, stalled and hit the ground at 80 degrees bank. Of the twenty-four people on board, three were killed including the captain. Nine others were seriously injured.


  • October 27 , 2005 - a fire broke out at the airport's detention center, killing 11 people and injuring 15. The complex was holding 350 people at the time of the incident.



DESTINATIONS

NOTE: These are not definite; very few airlines have a daily hall; this is based on regularity.

Departure Hall 1


Towers (ATCTs) at Schiphol Airport]]

Pier B



Pier C



Departure Hall 2


Pier D

  • Aer Lingus (Dublin, Cork)

  • Aeroflot (Moscow-Sheremetyevo)

  • Armavia (Yerevan)

  • Bmi (London-Heathrow)

  • British Airways (London-Heathrow, London-Gatwick)

  • Bulgaria Air (Sofia)

  • Croatia Airlines (Zagreb)

  • Czech Airlines (Prague)

  • Cyprus Airways (Larnaca, Paphos)

  • Jat Airways (Belgrade)

  • KLM (Non-Schengen leave from one half of D, Schengen leave from the other) Aberdeen, Athens, Bahrain, Barcelona, Beirut, Berlin-Tegel, Birmingham (UK), Bristol, Bucharest, Budapest, Cardiff, Copenhagen, Edinburgh, Geneva, Glasgow, Hamburg, Hanover, Helsinki, Istanbul, Kiev, Lisbon, London City, London-Heathrow, Luxembourg, Madrid, Manchester (UK), Milan-Linate, Milan-Malpensa, Moscow, Munich, Nice, Oslo, Paris-Charles De Gaulle, Prague, Rome-Fiumicino, Rotterdam, St. Petersburg (RU), Sofia, Stockholm, Stuttgart, Tallinn, Tbilsi, Tehran, Thessaloniki, Venice, Vienna, Warsaw, Zurich)

  • KLM Cityhopper (Brussels, Cardiff, Dusseldorf, Edinburgh, Eindhoven, Frankfurt, Glasgow, Hanover, Luxembourg, Manchester (UK), Munich, Nice, Zurich)

  • Lithuanian Airlines (Vilnius)

  • SkyEurope (Slovakia)

  • Malév Hungarian Airlines (Budapest)

  • Martinair (Shorthaul)

  • Tarom Romanian Air Transport (Bucharest)

  • Ukraine International (Kiev)



Pier E

  • China Southern Airlines (Beijing, Guangzhou)

  • EVA Air (Bangkok, Taipei-Chiang Kai Shek)

  • Japan Airlines (Tokyo-Narita)

  • Kenya Airways (Nairobi)

  • KLM (Abu Dhabi, Abuja, Accra, Addis Ababa, Almaty, Amman, Aruba, Atlanta, Bangkok, Beijing, Bonaire, Cairo, Cape Town, Chengdu May 28 , Chicago-O'Hare, Damascus, Dammam, Dar es Salaam, Delhi, Doha, Dubai, Guayaquil, Hong Kong, Houston-Intercontinental, Hyderabad, Jakarta, Johannesburg, Khartoum, Kilimajaro, Kuala Lumpur, Kuwait City, Lagos, Lima, Los Angeles, Manila, Mexico City, Montréal, Nairobi, Newark, New York-JFK, Osaka-Kansai, Paramaribo, Philipsburg-Sint Maarten, Quito, San Francisco, Sao Paulo-Guarulhos, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong, Singapore, Taipei-Chiang Kai Shek, Tel Aviv, Tokyo-Narita, Toronto, Tripoli, Vancouver, Willemstad, Washington-Dulles)

  • Northwest Airlines (Boston, Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Mumbai, Seattle/Tacoma)



Departure Hall 3


Hall F



Hall G



Hall H



Varying departure hall



EXTERNAL LINKS