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Culture Of Ancient Rus involved the conversion to Orthodox Christianity and the acceptance of Byzantine Art and Architecture . The acceptance of Byzantine culture included the adoption of Icon Painting . The Church had resources to commission great works of art, as well as the will and means to preserve them. Around 1890 a new form of art the Russian avant-garde took development. The Russian Avant-garde is a form of modern art however it developed into Soviet art when the government elected to control all art forms. Easter eggs (1906).]] HISTORY OF RUSSIAN CULTURE See Also: History of Russian culture ART Icon painting 's Trinity]] Russian Icon painting was inherited from the art of the Byzantine churches, and it soon became an offshooot version of the Mosaic and Fresco traditions. Icon paintings in Russia attempted to help people with their prayers without idolizing the figure in the painting. The most comprehensive collection of Icon art is found at the Tretyakov Gallery . {Link without Title} Rather than being a mere imitation, Russian icons had a peculiar style and took the icon to new heights by producing masters such as Andrei Rublev . Russian avant-garde See Also: Russian avant-garde The Russian Avant-garde is an umbrella term used to define the large, influential wave of modernist art that flourished in Russia from approximately 1890 to 1930 - although some place its beginning as early as 1850 and its end as late as 1960. The term covers many separate, but inextricably related, art movements that occurred at the time; namely Neo-primitivism , Suprematism , Constructivism , and Futurism . Notable artists from this era include El Lissitzky , Kazimir Malevich , Wassily Kandinsky , Vladimir Tatlin , Alexander Rodchenko , and Marc Chagall amongst others. The Russian Avant-garde reached its creative and popular height in the period between the Russian Revolution Of 1917 and 1932 , at which point the ideas of the Avant-garde clashed with the newly emerged state-sponsored direction of Socialist Realism . Soviet Art See Also: Soviet Art During the Russian Revolution a movement was initiated to put all arts to service of the dictatorship of the proletariat. The instrument for this was created just days before the October Revolution, known as Proletkult, an abbreviation for "Proletarskie kulturno-prosvetitelnye organizatsii" (Proletarian Cultural and Enlightenment Organizations). A prominent theorist of this movement was Alexander Bogdanov . Initially Narkompros (ministry of education), which was also in charge of the arts, supported Proletkult. However the latter sought too much independence from the ruling Communist Party of Bolsheviks , gained negative attitude of Vladimir Lenin, by 1922 declined considerably, and was eventually disbanded in 1932. After Stalin died Soviet Art went into decline as gradually Russians artists became more independent of the state and in the 1980s the government ruled that it could not restrict what Russians artists could paint. Architecture ::''Main article: Russian Architecture '' Russian Architecture had been influenced predominantly by the Byzantine Architecture until the Fall Of Constantinople . At the turn of the 15th and 16th century Aristotle Fioravanti and other Italian architects introduced Renaissance trends. The reigns of Ivan The Terrible and Boris Godunov saw the development of Tent-like Church es culminating in Saint Basil's Cathedral (illustrated, to the right). In the 17th century, the "fiery style" of ornamentation flourished in Moscow and Yaroslavl , gradually paving the way for the Naryshkin Baroque of the 1690s. The 18th-century taste for Rococo architecture led to the splendid works of Bartolomeo Rastrelli and his followers. During the reign of Catherine The Great and her grandson Alexander I the city of Saint Petersburg was transformed into an outdoor museum of Neoclassical architecture. The 19th century was dominated by the Byzantine and Russian Revival. The prevalent styles of the 20th century were the Art Nouveau ( Fyodor Shekhtel ), Constructivism ( Aleksey Shchusev , Konstantin Melnikov ), and the Stalinist Empire Style ( Boris Iofan ). Some notable Russian buildings include: |
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