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CYRILLIC-TO-LATIN TRANSLITERATION SYSTEMS Note that some phonetic transcription systems are intended for readers of languages other than English, for instance: Russian "Воронин" = English "Voronin" = French "Voronine" = German "Woronin". Scientific transliteration Scientific Transliteration , also known as the ''International Scholarly System'', is a system that has been used in Linguistics for over a century. It is based on the Croatian Latin Alphabet , and formed the basis of the ISO 9 system (below). ALA-LC America Library Association & Library of Congress (ALA-LC) Romanization tables for Slavic alphabets (1997) are used in North American libraries. The formal, unambiguous version of the system requires some diacritics and two-letter tie characters, which are often omitted in practice. BGN/PCGN See Also: BGN/PCGN romanization of Russian The BGN/PCGN system is relatively intuitive for anglophones to read and pronounce. In many publications a simplified form of the system is used to render English versions of Russian names, typically converting ''ë'' to ''yo'', simplifying ''-iy'' and ''-yy'' endings to ''-y'', and omitting apostrophes for ''ъ'' and ''ь'' (see character (·) can optionally be used to avoid some ambiguity. This particular standard is part of the BGN/PCGN Romanization System which was developed by the United States Board On Geographic Names and by the Permanent Committee On Geographical Names For British Official Use . The portion of the system pertaining to the Russian Language was adopted by BGN in 1944 , and by PCGN—in 1947 . GOST GOST 16876 (1971) Developed by the National Administration for Geodesy and Cartography at the USSR Council Of Ministers , GOST 16876-71 has been in service for over 30 years and is the only romanization system that does not use Diacritics . Equivalent standard: GOST ST SEV 1362-78. Replaced by GOST 7.79-2000. GOST ST SEV 1362 (1978) This standard is an equivalent of GOST 16876-71 . Adopted as an official standard of the COMECON . GOST 7.79 (2002) GOST 7.79-2000 ''System of Standards on Information, Librarianship, and Publishing - Rules for Transliteration of the Cyrillic Characters Using the Latin Alphabet'' is the newest document on transliteration in the series of and is now the official standard of both the Russian Federation and the CIS . ISO 9 is a transliteration standard from the International Organization For Standardization . It is based on the system of Scientific Transliteration used in Linguistics . ISO 9 is a univocal system of one character for one character equivalents (by the use of diacritics), which faithfully represents the original and allows for reverse transliteration for Cyrillic text in practically any language. United Nations romanization system The United Nations -recommended romanization system for geographical names was based on GOST 16876-71 . Adopted in 1987. May be found in some international cartographic products. TRANSLITERATION TABLE ;Notes
: † BGN/PCGN: ''ye'' and ''yë'' are used to indicate Iotation word-initially, and after a vowel, ''й, ъ'', or ''ь''. CONVENTIONAL TRANSCRIPTION OF RUSSIAN NAMES The following table describes a method to derive the most common informal Transcription s of Russian names into the Latin Alphabet , suitable for English-speakers. It is similar to BGN/PCGN transliteration, with several exceptions. ; Notes |
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