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Norddeutscher Rundfunk ('''NDR''') German Broadcasting is a public radio and television broadcaster, based in Hamburg . In addition to the city-state of Hamburg, NDR transmits for the German ''Länder'' (states) of Schleswig-Holstein , Lower Saxony and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . NDR is a member of the ARD consortium. NDR STUDIOS Studios in Hamburg are divided between two locations. Television studios are located in the Lokstedt part of Hamburg, and the radio studios are located at the "Rothenbaum." In addition to these, there are also regional studios, also comprising television and radio studios, in the state capitals of Hanover , Kiel and Schwerin . NDR also maintains other bureaus within its four state territory. STATIONS The NDR currently provides a number of services on its own or in co-operation with other broadcasters: Television
Radio
MUSICAL ORGANIZATIONS The NDR has four musical organizations, including two orchestras, a chorus and a "big band":
TRANSMITTERS FM, MW and TV
FM and TV
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania In Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, in the former East Germany , NDR programmes are broadcast from facilities owned by Deutsche Telekom AG. HISTORY ''For 1924-1955 in detail, see Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk .'' Pre-war Broadcasting in the NDR's region began in 1924 in Hamburg, when ''Norddeutsche Rundfunk AG'' (NORAG) was created. In 1934 it was incorporated into ''Großdeutschen Rundfunk'', the national broadcaster controlled by Joseph Goebbels 's Propagandaministerium , as ''Reichssender Hamburg''. Post-war In the British Zone of occupied Germany, the military authorities quickly established ''Radio Hamburg'' to provide information to the population of the area. The British Control Commission appointed Hugh Greene to manage the creation of public service broadcasting in their Zone. On 22 September 1945 , ''Radio Hamburg'' became ''Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk'', the single broadcasting organisation of the British Zone. Länder control In 1948 , the Control Commission transferred the NWDR to the control of the constituent Länder. At first, NWDR had just one Radio Station , later known as NWDR1. In 1950 , it introduced a regional station for the north, ''NWDR Nord'' (later to become NDR2), and a regional station for the west, ''NWDR West'' (later WDR2). That same year, NWDR became a founding member of ARD. The NWDR also played a founding role in launching 625-line Television in Germany, starting broadcasts on 25 December 1952 . NWDR split In February 1955 , North Rhine-Westphalia decided to establish its own broadcaster, whilst Hamburg, Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein continued with the existing system. To this end, the NWDR was split into two broadcasters - Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR) in the north and Westdeutscher Rundfunk (WDR) in North Rhine-Westphalia. NDR continued to operate out of Hamburg. The split was effective from 1 January 1956 , although the station NWDR1 remained a joint operation with regional opt-outs. The NWDR television service also remained a joint operation, from 1 April 1956 under the name '' Nord- und Westdeutsche Rundfunkverband'' (North and West German Broadcasting Federation - NWRV). The NDR and the WDR launched separate television services for their area in 1961 . NDR3 and Norddeutsches Fernsehen On 1 December 1956 the NDR started its third programme, NDR3 (from 1962 to 1973 , this was a joint operation with Sender Freies Berlin ). On 4 January 1965 the NDR, Radio Bremen and SFB began a joint "third programme" television service, ''Norddeutsches Fernsehen'', later ''Nord 3'' and ''N3''. As of December 2001 , this service is called ''NDR Fernsehen''. Regionalisation In 1977 , Gerhard Stoltenberg, the ''Ministerpräsident'' (Prime Minister) of Schleswig-Holstein walked out of the ''NDR-Staatsvertrag'', the governing body of the NDR, causing discussion of new ways of organising broadcasting in the NDR's region. In 1980 , the NDR signed a new convention with the three Länder, changing the pattern of broadcasting and creating new regional services. NDR1 was divided into three independent radio stations from 2 January 1981 :
NDR2 and NDR3 (now NDR Kultur) continued as regional stations. These regional services were further subdivided with opt-outs for specific areas. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen'' established regions based around Oldenburg-Ostfriesland-Bremen-Cuxhaven, Osnabrück-Emsland, greater Hanover, Braunschweig-southern Lower Saxony and northern Lower Saxony. ''NDR 1 Welle Nord'' was subdivided with studio centres in Flensburg, Heide, Norderstedt, Lübeck and Kiel. Teletext On 30 September 1988 the NDR introduced a Teletext service on its ''N3'' television channel. Originally called ''Nordtext'', it became ''NDR Text'' on 2 December 2001 . The teletext service also offers information for viewers in the Radio Bremen area under the title ''Radio Bremen Text''. NDR4 On 1 April 1989 , the NDR introduced its fourth radio service, NDR4. This service was later renamed ''NDR4 Info'' and from 2 June 2002 is now known as ''NDR Info''. The station is a news and information service for the whole NDR region. NDR 1 Radio mV On 1 January 1992 , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in the former East Germany joined the NDR as the fourth Land in the organisation. The area receives the main NDR radio and television stations, plus the regional ''NDR 1 Radio mV'', which has subregions based in Schwerin, Rostock, Neubrandenburg and Greifswald. In October of the same year, SFB in Berlin stopped relaying the ''Nord 3'' television service in favour of its own ''Berlin 1'' TV channel. N-Joy On 4 April 1994 , the NDR introduced ''N-Joy Radio'' (since 2001, just ''N-Joy''), a young-persons radio station aimed at 14 to 19-year-old listeners. NDR3 On 3 October 1997 , NDR3 was relaunched as ''Radio 3'', produced in co-operation with Ostdeutscher Rundfunk Brandenburg. At the end of 2000, SFB joined Radio 3. This arrangement lasted until ORB and SFB merged on 1 January 2003 and started their own classical and culture network. NDR3 became ''NDR Kultur'' on 1 January 2003 . Nordwestradio On 1 November 2001 , the NDR and Radio Bremen launched a joint radio station, ''Nordwestradio'', to serve Bremen and northwestern Lower Saxony. This service replaced ''Radio Bremen 2'' and control of the service remains with Radio Bremen. DIRECTORS
''See also:'' German Television EXTERNAL LINKS |
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