| Mozzafar-al-din Shah |
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Information AboutMozzafar-al-din Shah |
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Mozzafar-al-Din Shah ( – 1907 ) was the Shah of Persia between 1896 and 1907 . Like his father Nasser-al-Din Shah , he visited Europe three times, and during these periods he had to borrow money from Nicholas II Of Russia to pay for his extravagant travelling expenses. He is considered by historians to have been a weak ruler, and he relied on his chancellor to rule the country for him. In the last year of his life, Iran (Persia) experienced a Constitutional Movement , by which the monarch's power was curtailed as he granted a constitution and parliament to the people. He died 40 days after granting this constitution. During his reign, Mozzafar-al-Din attempted some reforms of the central treasury; however, the previous debt incurred by the Qajar court, owed to both England and Russia , significantly undermined this effort. The D'Arcy Oil Concession was also granted during his reign, effectively giving control of Iranian Oil reserves to Great Britain for 60 years. Mozzafar-al-Din is also credited with introducing Cinema to Persia in 1900 after a visit to Paris . The Shah visited England around 1902 on the promise of receiving the Order Of The Garter . King Edward VII refused to give this high honor to the Shah. A quick thinking Secretary had a special medal made that resembled the Order, but was missing the Cross of St. George. He and had it sent to the royal yacht just in time for the Shah's arrival. The King was so enraged by the sight of the medal, though, that he threw it out of his yacht's porthole. As a consolation, the Shah was introduced to the King's tailor, Henry Poole and Co. on Savile Row . A few years later, Britain sent the Shah a full Order of the Garter. REFERENCES
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