The is the best-known music
Festival in
Switzerland . It is held annually in early July in
Montreux on the shores of
Lake Geneva .
The first Montreux Jazz Festival was held in
1967 ; it lasted three days. The festival originally was a pure
Jazz festival, but it opened up in the
1970s and today presents artists of nearly every imaginable music style. Still, jazz remains an important part of the festival. Today's festival lasts about two weeks and attracts an audience of more than 200,000 people.
The Montreux Jazz Festival is undeniably one of the major European music festivals. The initiator and—
As Of 2004 —still the head organizer,
Claude Nobs , has managed to bring an amazing array of top-notch artists to Montreux, both established ones and newcomers. The roster of artists who have played at Montreux reads like a "Who's who" of the music scene (see, for example,
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The festival was originally held at the old Montreux Casino, which burned down in December
1971 during
Frank Zappa 's performance. (''"
Smoke On The Water "'' from
Deep Purple tells that story.) The festival was held then in other auditoriums in Montreux, until it could return to the rebuilt new Casino in
1975 . The festival continued to grow, and in
1993 , it moved to the larger Convention Centre. Since
1995 , it has occupied both the Convention Centre and the Casino.
In
1967 , the first Montreux Jazz Festival opened its doors. The festival lasted for three days and featured almost exclusively jazz artists. The highlights of this era were
Keith Jarrett ,
Jack DeJohnette ,
Bill Evans ,
Nina Simone ,
Jan Garbarek , and
Ella Fitzgerald .
In the
1970s , the festival began broadening its scope, including
Blues ,
Soul , and
Rock artists. In December
1971 , the Casino burned down, and the festival was forced to move until the new Casino was ready in
1975 . The festival had grown to a two-week duration.
Towards the end of the decade, the festival expanded even more, including music from all continents (with an emphasis on
Brazilian Music ) and lasting a full three weeks.
Santana came to Montreux for the first time in
1970 ;
Van Morrison played in
1974 . Other artists included
Chuck Berry ,
Bo Diddley ,
Stan Getz ,
Sonny Rollins ,
Airto Moreira ,
Dizzy Gillespie ,
Oscar Peterson ,
Charles Mingus ,
Etta James ,
Sonny Rollins ,
Count Basie ,
Chick Corea ,
Herbie Hancock ,
B.B. King ,
Gilberto Gil ,
Ray Charles ,
James Booker and many more.
The festival changed in the
1980s : It started growing dramatically and included an even wider variety of music styles. Jazz remained important, but more and more rock and pop artists were also invited, and Brazilian music remained important.
Miles Davis came to Montreux several times,
Santana returned in
1980 . Other notable artists at Montreux were
Max Roach ,
James Brown ,
Wynton Marsalis ,
Art Blakey ,
John McLaughlin ,
Stevie Ray Vaughn ,
Wayne Shorter , and
Al Di Meola but also
Elvis Costello ,
Jimmy Cliff ,
Mike Oldfield ,
Brian May ,
Marvin Gaye ,
Leonard Cohen ,
Nina Hagen ,
Eric Clapton ,
Phil Collins ,
Joe Cocker ,
Los Lobos ,
The Manhattan Transfer ,
Tracy Chapman , and
Van Morrison again.
The expansion that began in the
1980s continued in the
1990s and the
2000s — Montreux definitely transformed from a jazz festival into a world music festival.
Quincy Jones coproduced the festival from
1991 to
1993 . By
1993 , the festival had outgrown the Casino and moved to the larger Convention Centre. The number of visitors rose from 75,000 in
1980 to 120,000 in
1994 , and an "Off-festival" developed on the lakeshore promenades and in the cafés of Montreux.
Many "regulars" returned, but many new artists also appeared on stage:
Sting ,
Bob Dylan ,
Fats Domino ,
Deep Purple ,
Al Jarreau ,
Chaka Khan ,
Johnny Cash ,
Cheb Mami ,
Youssou N'Dour ,
Marianne Faithfull ,
Ice T ,
Jazzmatazz ,
ZZ Top ,
Simply Red ,
Eric Clapton ,
Marisa Monte ,
George Benson ,
Jazzkantine ,
Alanis Morissette ,
David Bowie ,
Paul Simon ... In
1999 , the festival saw more than 220,000 visitors.
Youth All Star Big Band performing at the Montreux Jazz Festival in
2004 .]]
